Recent

News, views, notes, and quotes

Signs of the Times  •  8 November •  No. 143

Special Issue
SUTHERLAND SPRINGS ARE US
Facing the facts, imagining a different future

Processional.Motete: Versa est in luctum,” 17th century Spanish Renaissance composer Tomás Victoria, a setting of Job 30:31; 7:16. English translation: “My harp is turned to mourning and my organ into the voice of those that weep. Spare me, O Lord, for my days are nothing.” (Thanks Brooks.)

Above: View in Garner State Park in the Texas Hill Country, an area just northwest of Sutherland Springs. Photo by Texas Parks and Wildlife Department

Invocation. "O LORD, how long shall I cry for help, and you will not listen? Or cry to you 'Violence!' and you will not save? Why do you make me see wrongdoing and look at trouble? Destruction and violence are before me; strife and contention arise. So the law becomes slack and justice never prevails. The wicked surround the righteous—therefore judgment comes forth perverted.” —Habakkuk 1:2-4

These are the victims of the shooting at First Baptist Church, Sutherland Springs, Texas: Read their names, see their faces (2:14 video).

Call to worship. “I go about in sunless gloom; I stand up in the assembly and cry for help. My lyre is turned to mourning, and my pipe to the voice of those who weep.” —Job 30:28, 31

The poem about gun violence every American needs to hear.” —IN-Qu, Occupy Democrats (3:14 video. Thanks Virginia.)

Hymn of praise. “Well I’m pressing on / Yes, I’m pressing on / Well I’m pressing on / To the higher calling of my Lord.” —Regina McCrary & Chicago Mass Choir, “Pressing On

¶ “The only variable that can explain the high rate of mass shootings in America is its astronomical number of guns.”Max Fisher & Josh Keller, New York Times

¶ “People all over the world become furious and try to harm others, but only in the United States do we suffer such mass shootings so regularly; only in the U.S. do we lose one person every 15 minutes to gun violence.” —Nicholas Kristoff, “How to Reduce Shootings,” New York Times

Confession. “‘In retrospect Sandy Hook marked the end of the US gun control debate,’ Dan Hodges, a British journalist, wrote in a post on Twitter two years ago, referring to the 2012 attack that killed 20 young students at an elementary school in Connecticut. ‘Once America decided killing children was bearable, it was over.’” Max Fisher & Josh Keller, New York Times

Intercession. “O Lord, how long shall I cry for help, and you will not listen? Or cry to you ‘Violence!’ and you will not save?” —Habakkuk 1:2

Hymn of supplication.Kumbaya,” Choeur Gospel du Conservatoire, France (with dance).

¶ “Americans make up about 4.4% the global population but own 42% of the world’s guns. From 1966 to 2012, 31% of the gunmen in mass shootings worldwide were American. . . .

        • “American crime is more lethal. A New Yorker is just as likely to be robbed as a Londoner, for instance, but the New Yorker is 54 times more likely to be killed in the process. . . .

        • “Gun control legislation tends to reduce gun murders, according to a recent analysis of 130 studies from 10 countries.

        • “The US is one of only three countries” where “people have an inherent right to own guns. . . .” Max Fisher & Josh Keller, New York Times

The overlooked gun factor: virulent masculinity.

        • George Ciccariello-Maher, political science professor at Drexel University, was recently banned from campus after questioning why mass shootings in the US are almost always carried out by white men. ­—read a brief interview with him by “Democracy Now!” program host Amy Goodman

        • “The persistent crime that connects mass shooters and terror suspects: Domestic violence.” Mark Berman, Washington Post

        • “What Mass Shooters Have In Common: Domestic Violence Records.” Emily O’Hara, NBC News

        • The traits that are strongly linked with violence are “being young and male and having a history of childhood abuse and exposure to violence.” Jeffrey Swanson, Duke University psychiatry professor, quoted in Lindsey Tanner/AP, Washington Post

Prophesy. “Your iniquities have been barriers between you and your God, and your sins have hidden God’s face from you so that God does not hear. For your hands are defiled with blood, and your fingers with iniquity; your lips have spoken lies, your tongue mutters wickedness.” —Isaiah 59:2-3

Words of assurance. “You may be down and feel like God / Has somehow forgotten / That you are faced with circumstances / You can't get through / But now it seems that there's no way out / And you're going under / God's proven time and time again / He'll take care of you.” —McKenzie George, “He’ll Do It Again

This makes my head spin.

        • “Gun homicides . . . in England are about as common as deaths from agricultural machinery accidents in the United States.

        • “. . . in Canada are about as common as deaths from alcohol poisoning in the US.

        • “. . . in Norway are about as common as deaths from accidental stranglings and hangings in the US.

        • “. . . in Germany are about as common as deaths from thrown or falling objects in the US.

        • “. . . in New Zealand are about as common as deaths from falling from a ladder in the US.

        • “. . . in the Netherlands are about as common as deaths from accidental gas poisoning in the US.

        • “. . . in Iceland are about as common as deaths from electrocution in the US.

        • “. . . in Spain are about as common as deaths from excessive natural heat in the US.

        • “. . . in Poland are about as common as deaths from bicycle riders being hit by cars in the US.

        • “. . . in Japan are about as common as deaths from being struck by lightning in the US.

        • “. . . in Scotland are about as common as deaths from cataclysmic storms in the US.” —for more see Kevin Quealy & Margot Sanger-Katz, New York Times

Hymn of intercession.Swing Low Sweet Chariot,” Garrison Keillor, Arlo Guthrie, The DiGiallonardo Sisters, Heather Masse and The Guy's All-Star Shoe Band.

Both President Trump and Texas Governor Greg Abbott blame the Sutherland Springs shooting on mental illness. Yet “Most people with mental illness are not violent” and only 3-5% of violent acts “can be attributed to individuals living with a series mental illness,” according to the US Department of Health and Human Services website. —see Lindsey Tanner/AP, Washington Post

By the numbers. There are more than 51,000 licensed gun shops (and 30,000 supermarkets) in the US.

The National Rifle Association (NRA) began in 1871 by Union civil war veterans, after witnessing their troop’s inept shooting accuracy during the war. Its motto was “Firearms Safety Education, Marksmanship Training, Shooting for Recreation.”
        In 1933 and 1938 the NRA helped President Franklin D. Roosevelt craft gun control legislation. In Congressional testimony in 1938, NRA President Karl T. Frederick said “I have never believed in the general practice of carrying weapons. I do not believe in the general promiscuous toting of guns. I think it should be sharply restricted and only under licenses.” —for more see Steven Rosenfeld, Salon

¶ “How the NRA Enables Domestic Terrorism,” Jim Wallis, Sojo.net.

Here are some myths that are trotted out regularly by the gun lobby, and that will likely be trotted out again today: “Mass Shooting in Texas and False Arguments Against Gun Control,” Adam Gopnik, The New Yorker.

¶ “Almost two-thirds of the people in the US live in homes without guns, and there is no evidence that the inhabitants of these homes are at greater risk of being robbed, injured or killed by criminals compared with citizens in homes with guns. Instead, the evidence is overwhelming that a gun in the home increases the likelihood not only that a household member will be shot accidentally, but also that someone in the home will die in a suicide or homicide.” —David Hemenway, “Does owning a gun make you safer?” LATimes

Preach it. “Because violence is born of fantasy, visions of peace are the only antidote.” —see Alan Bean, “Violence is born of fantasy; so is the cure

What to do? In terms of public policy goals, here’s the best suggestion I’ve seen.
         “Frankly, liberal opposition to guns has often been ineffective, and sometimes counterproductive. . . . The left sometimes focuses on ‘gun control,’ which scares off gun owners and leads to more gun sales. A better framing is ‘gun safety’ or ‘reducing gun violence,’ and using auto safety as a model—constant efforts to make the products safer and to limit access by people who are most likely to misuse them.” —Nicholas Kristoff, “How to Reduce Shootings,” New York Times

Commonsense gun regulation. “Do we go to the Ford Motor Company and stay stop making automobiles because people get drunk and kill people in cars?”
         “No, but we do enact stricter blood alcohol limits, raise the drinking age, ramp us enforcement penalties, charge bartenders who serve drunks, and launch huge public awareness campaigns to stigmatize the dangerous behavior in question. We do all those things because it might just help bring drunk driving rates down by, oh, I don’t know, two-thirds in a few decades. And in all that time, Americans didn’t lose the right to buy cars.” —Jon Stewart, Daily Show

Strong bipartisan consensus on these gun-related matters. A 2016 poll found US citizens largely supportive of these forms of gun control: preventing the mentally ill from purchasing guns (89%); background checks for all (including private and gun show sales (84%); barring gun purchases by those on no-fly watch lists (83%); creating federal database to track gun sales (71%); banning assault weapons (68%); banning high-capacity magazines (65%). Pew Research Center

Even in the military, which rigorously trains troops to use firearms, there are serious gun restrictions. On military bases and naval ships, firearms are kept under lock-and-key except for specified training exercises—though in November 2016 the Department of Defense issued new guidelines allowing open and concealed weapons by military personnel, a policy change vigorously opposed by Army Chief of Staff Gen. Mark Milley. —see Brendan McGarry, military.org

Can’t makes this sh*t up. One of our nation’s growing vacation trends is machine gun shooting range tourism. “DeSoto County, Florida, Honolulu, and Las Vegas practice aggressive marketing to lure gun-avid tourism. Said one new business owners in South Carolina, “The more people that get to shoot machine guns, the better. Combined with large-scale machine gun shoots and silencer shoots, we hope that some things about who is allowed to own these things and who isn’t changes.” —for more see Hannah Gardner, USAToday

It’s been a while since my grammar schooling; but the rhetoric of the Second Amendment to the Constitution—“A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed”—is not that complicated.

        The second part, concerning the “right to bear arms,” is a dependent clause controlled by the independent clause, on the need to maintain a well-regulated militia. Which is to say, the second part is governed by the first for its significance and meaning. The US no longer has militias, but we do have a national guard, whose members have a right to be armed.

        P.S. It wasn’t until 2008, in the Supreme Court’s District of Columbia v. Heller case, that that this Amendment was judged to protect the constitutional right for every individual, regardless of military service, to own firearms. —for a more thorough presentation on this topic, read the commentary of a real grammarian, Mark Moe, IdeaLog

Call to the table. “. . . we feel round rage and desolation the finally enfolding tenderness.” —Rainer Maria Rilke

Best one-liner. When you hear Republican politicians offering thoughts and prayers today [for the mass shooting in Las Vegas], remember they voted to sell guns to the mentally ill this year. —for more see Jessica Taylor, “House Votes To Overturn Obama Rule Restricting Gun Sales To The Severely Mentally Ill,” NPR

Pastoral admonishment. “It is incomprehensible to us, as Australians, that a country so proud and great can allow itself to be savaged again and again by its own citizens. We cannot understand how the long years of senseless murder, the Sandy Hooks and Orlandos and Columbines, have not proved to Americans that the gun is not a precious symbol of freedom, but a deadly cancer on their society.

        “We point to our own success with gun control in the wake of the Port Arthur massacre, that Australia has not seen a mass shooting since. We have not bought our security at the price of liberty; we have instead consented to a social contract that states lives are precious, and not to be casually ended by lone madmen.” —editorial, Sydney Morning Herald, which goes on to recommend eight specific, commonsensical policy recommendations (Thanks Ivan.)

The state of our disunion. Watch Fox News host Ainsley Earhardt explain why being shot in church is the best place.

More disunion. Ever since 1996 (and quietly renewed in 2015, after the Charleston massacre), Congress has barred the Center for Disease Control from collecting and analyzing gun violence data. —read or listen to (4:52 audio) this PRI story

Altar call. “Well, they guild their houses in preparation for the King / And they line the sidewalks / With every sort of shiny thing / They will be surprised / When they hear him say / Take me to the alley / Take me to the afflicted ones / Take me to the lonely ones / That somehow lost their way.” —Gregory Porter, “Take Me To the Alley(Thanks Don.)

Benediction. Listen to Stephen Colbert’s brief commentary (3:22 video) on “how gun violence makes us feel powerless—but we’re not.”

Recessional.Not Again,” Gregg Robins, a song to raise awareness about the proliferation of gun violence.

Lectionary for this Sunday. “Teach your children well. For they are living messages to a lineage you will not see; to a future beyond your horizon.” —continue reading “Teach your children well,” a litany inspired by Psalm 78

Lectionary for Sunday next. “Make vows to the Lord your God . . . who cuts off the spirit of princes, who inspires fear in the kings of the earth.” —Psalm 76:11-12

Just for fun. Saturday Night Live gun satire (1:53 video).

#  #  #

Featured this week on prayer&politiks

• “Is an attack on one an attack on all? The brutal consequences of our nation’s gun fetish,” a short essay

• In preparation for Veterans’ Day (11 November), see “Patriotic holidays in the US: The nation's liturgical calendar celebrating our militarized history.”

©Ken Sehested @ prayerandpolitiks.org. Language not otherwise indicated above is that of the editor, as are those portions cited as “kls.” Don’t let the “copyright” notice keep you from circulating material you find here (and elsewhere in this site). Reprint permission is hereby granted in advance for noncommercial purposes.

Feel free to copy and post any original art on this site. (The ones with “prayer&politiks.org” at the bottom.) As well as other information you find helpful.

Your comments are always welcomed. If you have news, views, notes or quotes to add to the list above, please do. If you like what you read, pass this along to your friends. You can reach me directly at kensehested@prayerandpolitiks.org.

 

News, views, notes, and quotes

Signs of the Times  •  15 November 2017 •  No. 144

Processional. Wasamba and the Eco Faeries flash mob drum & dance line at a Perth, Australia commercial district plaza.

Above: Vatnajökull National Park, Iceland. Photo by torino071.

Special issue
TAX DEFORM

(and, no, that’s not a typo)

Introduction

“Do not say to yourself, “My power and the might of my own hand have gotten me this wealth.”
—Deuteronomy 8:17

        The US Congress, with cheerleading from President Trump and a boatload of corporate lobbyists, is poised to foist on the nation what might be the biggest con job in DC political history, under the cloak of tax reform.

        If approved, the effect on the commonweal will be far more deforming than reforming. It represents the greedification of tax policy. Not to mention an indication of our spiritual poverty.

        The rush to get it passed—without full legislative deliberation and public debate—comes from three sources: (1) The congressional majority has virtually nothing to show for their dominance of the executive and legislative branches of government in 2017; (2) they know the slightly different House and Senate plans are highly unpopular with the general public and need to be wrapped up before a popular revolt emerges; and (3) wealthy donors are already calling to say get-it-done-or-stop-calling.

        I’ve learned seven key things researching this special edition of “Signs of the Times.” Here are the highlights. —continue reading “The greedification of tax policy is a sign of spiritual impoverishment

Invocation. “Tell me where is the road I can call my own, / That I left, that I lost, so long ago. / All these years I have wondered, oh when will I know, / There's a way, there's a road that will lead me home.”  —“The Road Home,” Stephen Paulus, performed by Conspirare (click the “show more” button to see the lyrics)

Call to worship. “Oh, visit the earth, ask her to join the dance! Coax rain from the sky. Drench thirsty fields awaiting your touch, ready the land for blossom and fruit. Burden every stalk with grain sufficient to satisfy the hunger of all. Let all the barren rejoice. Let the wilderness blossom. Let every failed hope recover, every broken heart be mended, every silenced voice be heard.” —continue reading “Set our hearts on fire,” a litany for worship inspired by Psalm 65

Finding wonder it out of the way places. Chris Funk of the music group The Decemberists has a passion for finding “the most surprising and most extraordinary people in music.” He recently met and jammed with Gaelynn Lea, who was born with brittle bone disease, confining her to a wheel chair, but writes and performs ballads by playing a violin upright, like a cello. (3:53 video. Thanks Amanda.)

¶ “An ABC News/Washington Post poll released found that most Americans strongly disapprove of the White House's desire to drastically slash the corporate tax rate: 65% of Americans believe that corporations pay too little in taxes, not too much, the survey found. [Only 11% said the corporate tax rate is too high.] Furthermore, 73% of respondents said—consistent with previous surveys—that the US economic system disproportionately favors the wealthy, and that Trump's tax plan will only worsen the gap between the richest and everyone else.” Jake Johnson, CommonDreams

Sen. Lindsey Graham (R-S.C.) on Thursday became the latest Republican to admit the GOP is trying to ram through massive tax cuts for the rich to satisfy its wealthy donors, telling a journalist that if the party's tax push fails, ‘the financial contributions will stop.’” Earlier in the week “Rep. Chris Collins (R-NY) made a similar comment, complaining that his donors are pressuring him to pass tax cuts ‘or don’t ever call me again.’” Jake Johnson, CommonDreams

¶ “Why tax breaks for big corps do not create jobs,” video (2:49) produced by Alex Cequea for act.tv.

¶ "‘Those with the very highest incomes would receive the biggest tax cuts,’ Tax Policy Center's report, the first in-depth analysis of Trump's proposals, notes. ‘Taxpayers in the top 1% (incomes above $730,000), would receive about 50% of the total tax benefit [in 2018]; their after-tax income would increase an average of 8.5%.’” Jake Johnson, CommonDreams

¶ “Most important is the linkage [in Ephesians 5:5] of greed (pleonektes) with idolatry, so that exploitative affront against a vulnerable neighbor is equated with false worship. That equivalence, in the horizon of the Sinai commandments, brings together the first commandments on idolatry (Exod. 20:1-6) and the tenth commandment on coveting (Exod. 20:17).” —Walter Brueggemann, Money and Possessions

¶ “The first independent analysis of the Republican tax plan is in, and its bottom line is about what you’d expect: The vast majority of benefits go to the very richest Americans. The analysis comes from the Tax Policy Center, a joint effort by the Brookings Institution and the Urban Institute and the producer of some of the most authoritative economic analyses produced in Washington. The center calculates that by 2027 the top 20% of U.S. taxpayers (those earning $149,400 or more in 2017) would receive 86.6% of all the tax cuts in the GOP ‘framework’ released on Wednesday and the top 1% (income of $732,800 and up) would pocket 79.7% of the benefits. The top 0.1% ($3.43 million and up) would get almost 40% of all the benefits, collecting an average break of more than $1 million a year.” Michael Hiltzik, LATimes

¶ “Bloomberg’s analysis of the congressional Joint Committee on Taxation’s breakdown of the Senate tax reform plan found that in 2019, the average filer with an income between $50,000 and $75,000 would save a whopping $688, while those with earnings of more than $1 million would gain an additional $58,000.” —Helaine Olen, “Why are Republicans rushing tax reform through? So voters don’t find out who loses,” Washington Post

¶ “Under both the Senate and House bills, nearly half of households making less than $100,000 will see either a negligible tax change or even a tax hike in 2019, according to calculations from Martin Sullivan, chief economist at Tax Analysts. By 2027, that share rises to 61% under the House bill, which phases down some of the provisions that help middle-class families.” —Catherine Rampell, “If the tax bill is so great, why does the GOP keep lying about it?” Washington Post

¶ “. . . the richest one percent—with average incomes of $2 million—will collectively get $72 billion in tax cuts in 2018 under the Trump plan. That money is enough to cover individual health insurance premiums for more than 12.6 million adults. Or, that $72 billion could cover Pell grants for 12.3 million low-income, and often first generation, college students. Or, that same $72 billion could create 689,900 jobs through infrastructure investment.” Lindsay Koshgarian, CommonDreams

¶ “A new analysis by the New York Times shows that President Donald Trump would save himself well over a $1 billion if the proposals he laid out were to become law.” Jon Queally, CommonDreams

¶ "You shall know the truth, and the truth will make you mad." —Aldous Huxley

Hymn of praise.I Saw the Light / I’ll Fly Away” medley, David Crowder.

Wealth inequality in the US—a stunning visual dramatization. (6:23 video)

Watch this brief video (2:33) of Rep. Suzan DelBene (D-WA) asking some very revealing questions of Thomas Barthold, chief of staff for Congress’ Joint Committee on Taxation.

¶ “With a tax burden of 25% — a measurement that includes income, property, and various other taxes — the US is near the very bottom [on individual tax rates], well below the average of 34%. It ranks below all the measured countries [in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development] except Korea, Chile, and Mexico. . . . [D]eductions and other tax strategies mean relatively few US corporations actually get stuck paying the maximum nominal 35% rate, instead paying about 20% on average.” ­Ian Salisbury, Business Insider

¶ “U.S. corporate taxation isn't all that big compared with other countries'. As of 2014, U.S. corporate tax revenues were at around 2.2 percent of the GDP. The OECD [Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development] average was 2.8 percent.” —Danielle Kurtzleben, “Does the US Have the Highest Corporate Tax Rate in the World?” NPR

Do corporations need a tax cut to stay competitive? Six reasons why they don’t, from Robert Reich (2:45 illustrated video).

¶ “Our [Global Economy Project] report analyzes the 92 publicly held American corporations that reported a profit in the US every year from 2008 through 2015 and paid less than 20 percent of their earnings in federal income tax.” Sarah Anderson, New York Times

Confession. “My friends and I have been coddled long enough by a billionaire-friendly Congress. It’s time for our government to get serious about shared sacrifice.” Warren E. Buffett, one of the wealthiest people in world, who admits that the tax percentage he pays on his income is less than half (on average) that of the other 22 people in his office, New York Times

¶ “. . . the tax plan gives American corporations a $2 trillion tax break, at a time when they’re enjoying record profits and stashing unprecedented amounts of cash in offshore tax shelters.” Robert Reich, CommonDreams

Hymn of intercession.Weeping Eyes,” Amir Bar-David & Revital Khalfon.

¶ “More than 400 American millionaires and billionaires are sending a letter to Congress this week urging Republican lawmakers not to cut their taxes.” Heather Long, Washington Post

Words of assurance.Softly and Tenderly,” Reba McEntire, Kelly Clarkson & Trisha Yearwood.

Professing our faith. “The godness of YHWH has to do with taking sides against the wicked, that is, the ones who imagine they are autonomous and so are free to prey on the vulnerable.” —Walter Brueggemann, Money and Possessions

By the numbers. “From 2006-2012 at least two-thirds of all corporations had NO federal income tax liability. Moreover, 42% of the largest corporations—those with at least $10 million in assets—paid no income tax in 2012. In fact, 18 major companies actually got tax rebates.” —sources: Roger Yu, USA Today & Patricia Cohen, New York Times

Preach it. “That such language [denouncing private wealth] could still be heard at the heart of imperial Christendom [in the 4th-5th centuries] . . . suggests that it had by then lost much of its force. It could be tolerated to a degree, but only as a bracing hyperbole, appropriate to an accepted religious grammar—an idiom, that is, rather than an imperative. . . .  but in general, Christian adherence had become chiefly just a religion, a support for life in this world rather than a radically different model of how to live.” David Bentley Hart, author of a new New Testament translation, “Are Christians Supposed to Be Communists?” New York Times

The call to the table includes “the decisive break with conventional economics that assumes that ‘treasure in heaven’ does not require divestment of treasure on earth.” —Walter Brueggemann, Money and Possessions

The state of our disunion. At the very time President Trump was issuing a proclamation naming November as “National Adoption Month,” Congress was hawking a tax plan that eliminates tax credits for adoptive families. —for more see Nathaniel Weixel, “Conservatives hit GOP tax bill for nixing adoption credit,” The Hill

Hymn of resolution. “I'm gonna make my world a better place / I'm gonna keep that smile on my face / I'm gonna teach myself how to understand / I'm gonna make myself a better man.” —Keb’ Mo’, “Better Man

¶ “Republican tax policy focuses on one central idea: If you cut taxes, the economy will grow. Now the man who helped write that doctrine says it's a myth. Bruce Bartlett, author of ‘The Truth Matters,’ was an economic policy adviser for presidents Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush. And during the 1980s, he championed the idea that tax cuts would equal growth in the economy. In a recent op-ed in the Washington Post, Bartlett debunks the myth that, as he puts it, he helped create. Marketplace host Kai Ryssdal talks with Bartlett about the GOP tax myth and why it's lasted so long.” Kai Ryssdal & Shadeen Ainpour, MarketPlace

¶ “In the US, the 400 richest individuals now own more wealth than the bottom 64% of the population and the three richest own more wealth than the bottom 50%, while pervasive poverty means one in five households have zero or negative net worth.
        “Those are just several of the striking findings of Billionaire Bonanza 2017, a new report by the Institute for Policy Studies that explores in detail the speed with which the US is becoming ‘a hereditary aristocracy of wealth and power.’" Jake Johnson, CommonDreams

For the beauty of the earth. Photographer Chad Cowan has driven almost 100,000 miles across the US chasing powerful supercell thunderstorms and recording them in high definition. Cowan has recorded hundreds of storms and condensed the highlights into this short film titled “Fractal.” (3:22 video. Thanks Dick.)

¶ “The economist Gabriel Zucman and his colleagues have spent years estimating how much wealth is stashed in low-tax havens and what that means for government coffers. He’s found that 63% of foreign profits made by American multinational corporations are stuffed in these subsidiaries and accounts, depriving the country of about $70 billion in tax revenue each year.” —Bryce Covert, “Paradise Papers Show How Misguided the GOP Is On Taxes,” New York Times

More than a few giant multinational companies based in the US are allowed to use creative bookkeeping methods—declaring the bulk of their business “losses” in the US and their “profits” overseas. Some even got tax rebates from the Treasury Department. —see Paul Buchheit, “This is how the biggest companies cheated on taxes in 2016,” Alternet

Altar call. “The one who had much did not have too much, and the one who had little did not have too little.” —Exodus 16:18

Benediction. “We can go on—we must go on—by taking little steps forward and cherishing the occasional light that shines through the blackness. Those that honor only greed and deception as their deity cannot win and we have to survive to be around to pick up the pieces after they are gone. We will go on.” —“How Can We Possibly Go On,” by Jackie Alan Giuliano

Recessional. Tine Thing Helseth and the Norwegian Broadcasting Orchestra performing J. S. Bach, "Trumpet Concerto in D after Vivaldi, 2nd movement" 

Lectionary for this Sunday. “Make vows to the Lord your God . . . who cuts off the spirit of princes, who inspires fear in the kings of the earth.” —Psalm 76:11-12

Left: photo by Johnny White

Lectionary for Sunday next.Set our hearts on fire,” a litany for worship inspired by Psalm 65.

Just for fun. Taiwan’s Isaac Hou, amazing cyr wheel performer. (1:59 video)

#  #  #

Featured this week on prayer&politiks

• “Set our hearts on fire,” a litany for worship inspired by Psalm 65

• "The greedification of tax policy is a sign of spiritual impoverishment,” commentary on congressional tax "reform"

Resources for Thanksgiving
• “Gratitude,” a litany for worship
• “Why is it hard to say thanks? 10 reasons
• “Come Ye Thankful (and Ye Cranky) People Come,” a call to worship on Thanksgiving by Abigail Hastings
• “Now Thank We All Our God,” revised lyrics to a traditional Thanksgiving hymn
• “On saying thanks,” a poem

©Ken Sehested @ prayerandpolitiks.org. Language not otherwise indicated above is that of the editor, as are those portions cited as “kls.” Don’t let the “copyright” notice keep you from circulating material you find here (and elsewhere in this site). Reprint permission is hereby granted in advance for noncommercial purposes.

Feel free to copy and post any original art on this site. (The ones with “prayer&politiks.org” at the bottom.) As well as other information you find helpful.

Your comments are always welcomed. If you have news, views, notes or quotes to add to the list above, please do. If you like what you read, pass this along to your friends. You can reach me directly at kensehested@prayerandpolitiks.org.

 

The backdrop of Veterans Day

Remembering red poppies and the Great War’s armistice

by Ken Sehested
for the 100th anniversary of Armistice Day ending World War I

 “You can no more win a war than win an earthquake.”
—Jeanette Rankin, first female elected to federal office (in 1916, to the US House of Representatives,
before women were allowed to vote) and dissenting voter on US declarations of war in both world wars

I used to think the symbolic wearing of red poppies in remembrance of war’s sacrificial cost was a British thing. And mostly it is, if you include other nations who belong to the Commonwealth. It was a Canadian military surgeon, one with poetic inclinations, who established what is essentially a weed’s place in literary and military history.

Papaver rhoeas, known variously as the Flanders poppy, corn poppy, red poppy and corn rose.

“In Flanders fields the poppies blow / Between the crosses, row on row, / That mark our place; and in the sky / The larks, still bravely singing, fly / Scarce heard amid the guns below. / We are the Dead. Short days ago / We lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow, / Loved and were loved, and now we lie, / In Flanders fields. / Take up our quarrel with the foe: / To you from failing hands we throw / The torch; be yours to hold it high. / If ye break faith with us who die / We shall not sleep, though poppies grow.” —John McCrae, “In Flanders fields

Story has it that Lieutenant Colonial John McCrae was unhappy with his composition, written immediately after he presided over the 1915 battlefield burial of a close friend killed in the Second Battle of Ypres, Belgium; but some of his comrades retrieved the piece, which was published later that year. The story might have ended there had it not been for a literature professor at the University of Georgia, Moina Michael, who read “In Flanders Field” in the Ladies Home Journal. She was so inspired that she successfully lobbied the American Legion Auxiliary to produce and sell silk red poppies to raise funds for supporting war veterans.

At about the same time, a Frenchwoman named Anna Guérin also was championing the symbolic power of the red poppy as a cultural tradition supporting the war’s tragic memory. Eventually she convinced the Royal British Legion, whose mission was to support returning veterans, in adopting the practice. The observance in Britain took hold. [For more background, see “The World War I Origins of the Poppy as a Remembrance Symbol,” history.com]

President Trump’s recent behavior in France, citing the inconvenience of rain as reason to skip the official observance of the 100th anniversary of the ending of World War I with national leaders from around the world, is symptomatic of US relative nonchalance over the “Great War.” The cost here was minimal: some 116,000 troops killed out of the total fatality count of 10 million combatants. America was in the war for less than a year.

Or maybe the lack of public sentiment in the US is because World War I was supposed to have been, according to then President Woodrow Wilson, the “war to end all wars” which would “make the world safe for democracy.”

Left: Photo of African American troops of the 369th Infantry, formerly the 15th Regiment New York Guard, who were among the most highly decorated upon its return home in 1918. They were also known as the Harlem Hellfighters. Getty Images.

It wasn’t, and it didn’t. In fact, the US now has special forces operations in 149 countries around the world.

In the aftermath of Veterans Day, four things are important to remember.

1. The law of unintended consequences is never more apparent than in violent conflict. World War I, begun in July 2014 between Austria-Hungary and Serbia, quickly spread to numerous other countries due to an interlocking series of alliances. The howls of purported dishonored national glory were provoked by precisely the kind of nationalist assertions made recently by US President Donald Trump.

It was all supposed to be over by Christmas. Instead, it escalated quickly. Given the imperial reach of several of the belligerent nations, soldiers from 28 different countries participated. Nations as far away from Europe as South Africa and Japan participated. And all of this started when a fervent Serbian nationalist assassinated the presumptive heir (and his wife) to the Austro-Hungarian throne.

It was unprecedented carnage. The first day alone of the Battle of the Somme resulted in over 70,000 casualties. By war's end on 11 November 1918, the final tally of vengeance for one assassination had claimed the lives of nearly 40 million combatants and civilians, many times over wounded. Add to that, eight million horses, mules, and donkeys were killed.

Furthermore, the war precipitated the Ottoman Empire’s Armenian genocide, which took the lives of another 1.5 million; and it was a significant factor in “the greatest medical holocaust in history,” the 1918 influenza outbreak, which took the lives of somewhere between 50-100 million people worldwide.

McCrae himself died of pneumonia before the war’s end, caused at least in part by battlefield conditions.

2. The Great War was the globe’s first industrialized war. The exuberance of humankind’s burst of scientific discovery in the late 19th century dramatically increased the capacity for mechanized killing. Machine guns, submarines, airplanes, and tanks were “force multipliers” (to use current military jargon).

Right: Stone crosses marking the World War I graves of German soldiers are overtaken by time and the growing trunk of a tree in Hooglede German Military Cemetery on August 4, 2014, in Hooglede, Belgium. Photo by Christopher Furlong, Getty.

To say nothing of the development chemical weapons—which, though not the most reliable killing apparatus, was far and away the most terrifying. Each of the major powers—France, Britain and Germany—used chemical weapons, though Germany’s use was the most significant. The US developed an even more effective chemical weapon, and sent a specialized chemical warfare unit to Europe; but the war’s end precluded their deployment.

3. In 1954, in the heat of the Cold War’s hysteria, when “God” became the mascot of the “free” world over against the “godless” communists, Armistice (or “Remembrance”) Day was repurposed as “Veterans Day.” In so doing, the work of mourning and incantations resolving never-again were displaced by the celebration of martial prowess.

“Armistice Day was sacred. Veterans’ Day is not,” declared novelist Kurt Vonnegut, a World War II veteran and prisoner of war. “So I will throw Veterans’ Day over my shoulder. Armistice Day I will keep. I don’t want to throw away any sacred things.”

When McCrae in his poem urged those who came after to “Take up our quarrel with the foe,” he had no inkling of how rapidly foes would abound.

4. Writers as far back as the Napoleonic Wars noted the sudden appearance of the red poppy on battlefields. But it was Lieutenant Colonel McCrae’s grief-inspired poem that highlighted the association.

What we now know is that in soils like that of Flanders, a thin crust of alkaline is released when the ground is disturbed, as happens with bombardment and grave digging. The soil becomes acidic, choking most growth. But poppies thrive in such war-spoiled botanical conditions.

The red poppy is not a floral triumph. Rather, it is the ground’s tear, resulting from the soil’s hemorrhage. It is a judgment lodged against the despoiling of earth’s fertility—and against all mortal “faith” requiring blood sacrifice.

“If you defile the land, it will vomit you out.”
—Leviticus 18:28

#  #  #

©ken sehested @ prayerandpolitiks.org

Aftermath of the Great War’s Armistice

On the 100th anniversary of Armistice Day, 11 November 2018

by Ken Sehested

            The Resurrection is the Beloved’s own
Armistice, intimate seal on ancient covenant,
when the rain’s own bow arches in the flood’s
aftermath as divine reminder, animus receding
by act of divine contrition:

            Never again. Never again.*

No longer will Heaven respond with drowning
contempt over earth’s profaning habit. Divine
remorse calls out for creaturely requite. The
soil itself destined for fertile bounty’s return.

            Ever again. Ever again.

Let all drenched in baptism’s rebirthing tide
recall and recover the watery mark of this
death as the prelude to steadfast grace and
foretaste of sheltering wing.

            Remembrance Day is at hand, whose
penitential posture stems greed’s fateful sway,
undoing retribution’s reign and sorrow’s
recoil, signaling mercy’s revenge against
every grave’s deceit.

            Hallelu. Yah. Hallelu. Yah.

                              #  #  #

*See Genesis 9:13-16
©ken sehested @ prayerandpolitiks.org

Carpe Noctem—Seize the Night

The struggle for spiritual vision in a dark time

by Ken Sehested
Texts: Psalm 181-11; Habakkuk 1:1-11; Revelation 12:1-18
Sermon for the annual joint worship service of FOCUS, an ecumenical, congregationally-based community ministry, Albany, NY, 23 November 2003.

         Earlier this fall I was asked to address a gathering of Christians on the of “peacemaking in a post-9/11 world.” Let me begin here as I did there, with a reminder of an earlier policy which has helped bring us to where we are—struggling for spiritual vision in a dark time. The “Kennan Doctrine,” as it is now called, was articulated in 1948 shortly after the very first use of weapons of mass destruction. It was written by George Kennan who directed the U.S. State Department’s planning staff and was later credited as the intellectual architect of the “Cold War” with the Soviet Union.

         "We have about 50% of the world's wealth but only 6.3% of its population.  This disparity is particularly great as between ourselves and the peoples of Asia.  In this situation, we cannot fail to be the object of envy and resentment.  Our real task in the coming period is to devise a pattern of relationships which will permit us to maintain this position of disparity without positive detriment to our national security.  To do so we will have to dispense with all sentimentality and day-dreaming; and our attention will have to be concentrated everywhere on our immediate national objectives….

         "We should dispense with the aspiration to 'be liked" or to be regarded as the repository of a high-minded international altruism.  We should stop putting ourselves in the position of being our brother's keeper and refrain from offering moral and ideological advice.  We should cease to talk about vague and–for the Far East–unreal objectives such as human rights, the raising of living standards, and democratization. The day is not far off when we are going to have to deal in straight power concepts.  The less we are then hampered by idealistic slogans, the better."*

         The Kennan doctrine is not this nation’s only doctrine, to be sure. There are others—more generous, more humane ones. But I am suggesting—and you must decide this for yourself—I’m suggesting that this doctrine of “straight power concepts” now dominates our body politic.

         It is hardly a novel doctrine in human affairs. Way back when, the prophet Habbakuk complained loudly against those “whose own might is their god” (1:11). And he wept bitterly at the seeming indifference of Yahweh God: How long, O Lord, shall I cry to you, “Violence!” and you will not save.

         How long, indeed?

         A much more modern text, this one by G.K. Chesterton, says what I feel:

          “I tell you naught for your comfort,
         Yea, naught for your desire,
         Save that the sky grows darker yet,
         And the sea rises higher."

         And the psalmist confirmed, in Eugene Peterson’s paraphrase: God has “wrapped himself in a trench coat of black-cloud darkness.” (The Message, Psalm 18)

         How, then, are we to live? What silliness is it to speak of “seizing the night”? When the lights go out, is there anything but stumbling, bumbling, and crumbling, and wouldn’t it be better to cower in the corner?

§   §   §

         My friend J.C. came to town recently. It was good to catch up, over a dinner of tacos and beer. After comparing personal notes—we’ve both changed job descriptions since we last saw each other—we moved to topics more public, including national and international events.

         “Politically speaking, I’m more pessimistic than I can ever remember,” I said, somewhat sheepishly, punctuating the comment with a long, mournful gaze in her direction.

         Her face took a few seconds to respond, her words a few more. Finally, with an expression of one-part-alarm, one-part-pity, she said: “But this damned war has mobilized people like nothing I’ve ever seen. I’m on the road constantly now, doing nonviolence training, both in the church and with interfaith groups. People are open to this stuff like never before!”

         She’s right, of course. For a split second I recalled finding hope while huddling around a short-wave radio in a Baghdad hotel room in mid-February. To get better reception, the radio was outside on the small balcony, in the hand of one of several members of the Iraq Peace Team. Several more of us were jammed near the doorway, craning our necks to catch the sound. The BBC broadcast was reviewing the astounding accounts from around the world of the February 15 marches protesting the war on Iraq—literally millions of people in hundreds of cities. “From Madagascar to Reykjavik,” I think I heard the news anchor report.

         I cannot recall ever having such a viscerally jubilant response to a journalistic report. Truth is, I was scared. In an earlier group discussion many of us were beginning to feel the invasion was close. We knew full-well the implications of “shock and awe.” These reports, combined with the previous day’s account of Chief U.N. Weapons Inspector Hans Blic’s report—to the Security Council, casting further doubt on the U.S. Administration’s claims regarding weapons of mass destruction—brought a measure of confidence that the invasion would be further delayed. The anti-war war movement was indeed mobilizing like never before.

         But the war came anyway.

         Writing to the early Christian community at Corinth, the Apostle Paul penned these famous lines: “And now faith, hope and love abide, these three; but the greatest of these is love” (1 Corinthians 13:13).

         Like Janet’s comment, this is also true. Love is the greatest. But hope may be the hardest.

§   §   §

         A simple recitation of current public malfeasance in public life is numbing. Just the highlights here at home include: the largest job-constriction rate since the Depression; the greatest income gap, between rich and poor, among all industrialized nations; nearly a fifth of our children living in poverty; a leap within three years from record federal budget surpluses to record deficits; public librarians fending off the reach of the Justice Department’s spying on book readers; the quadrupling of the prison population over the past two decades; over 40 million without health insurance; major assaults on environmental and civil rights accords. In my own state of North Carolina, a county prosecutor recently indicted a methamphetamine lab operator with two counts of manufacturing a weapon of mass destruction, courtesy of Congress’s new counter-terrorism legislation.

         Globally, we’ve witnessed the current Administration’s dramatic withdrawal from a host of international treaties designed to abet environmental degradation, slow the development of advanced weaponry, and establish the rule of international law. By action of Congress in September 2002 we have in place a “National Security Strategy” which grants the Administration virtually unlimited war-making powers.

         The level of public disingenuousness is such that Orwell himself would blush, as in U.S. Deputy Defense Secretary Paul Wolfowitz’s recent statement:  "I think all foreigners should stop interfering in the internal affairs of Iraq."

         Then there’s the chilling, hardly-noticed recent comment by an unnamed assistant to Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld, commenting on the reports of low U.S. troop morale in Iraq: "This is the future for the world we're in at the moment. We'll get better as we do it more often."

§  §  §

         Do you recall that Hagar the Terrible cartoon strip. In the first frame, Hagar and Lucky Eddie are caught in quicksand. “Don’t panic!” Hagar exclaims.

         Second frame: They sink deeper.

         Final frame: “Is it okay to be afraid?” Lucky Eddie asks.

         If you’re not afraid, you’re not paying attention. If hope is to be had, it will come only in confrontation with clear-eyed assessment of the moment in which we live. This isn’t pessimism. It’s realism. Hope not grounded in reality is fantasy, wishful thinking.

         After a recent visit to a seminary, one of the students—who engaged her studies after two years in post-war Bosnia—wrote a poignant follow-up letter:

         "I wanted to ask you how you are able to live and work without becoming either (1) entirely cynical and jaded or (2) losing hope in what often seems to be a hopeless task. These weeks [following the U.S. attack on Iraq] have been very hard for me emotionally and mentally. In the midst of it, I ask myself continually: What is this that I've been called to? How am I going to be able to bear it? Is the rest of my life going to feel this heavy and heartbroken? To not be heartbroken would signal a loss in compassion and identification with the suffering, which would be antithetical to [my] calling. Yet, shouldn't there be some level of differentiation that has to come with this work in order to stay healthy and focused without losing heart or hope. Have you any words regarding this?"

         Her question is as serious as a scalpel perched across the jugular. What words are sufficient? Will cheery ones—full of bravado and solidarity, spoken enthusiastically, pragmatically—fill the bill?

         I say no, they won’t. But it would be a mistake to jump to the conclusion that my advocacy for how we face this perilous season is a uniform call to inwardness (if not outright quietism and passivity). Among my fundamental convictions are these: that people of faith are saved for the world, not from it; that the Spirit traffics in earthly affairs; that the order of redemption and liberation—the healing of creation itself—is governed by power, a power available to but not controlled by us. With Hannah Arendt I believe that power and violence are inimical, that while violence can destroy power, it can never generate power.

         In order to generate power, however, more is asked of us than moral heroism; more than brilliant analysis; more than indefatigable energy. Insistent and anxious calls simply to work and think harder and longer—absent a simultaneous commitment to the process of spiritual formation—only compound the crisis. Doing so has the effect of feeding our children to the very beast whose appetite swells with every fare. If our political vocation lacks anchorage in spiritual transformation, then we can only expect more of the same, only worse. You know what they say about computers: garbage in, garbage out.

§   §   §

         “To know the dark, go dark. Go without sight,
         and find that the dark, too, blooms and sings,
         and is traveled by dark feet and dark wings.” (Wendell Berry)

         “But the dark embraces everything:
         shapes and shadows, creatures and me,
         people, nations—just as they are.
         It lets me imagine a great presence stirring beside me.
         I believe in the night.” (Ranier Maria Rilke)

         “Then the people stood at a distance, while Moses drew near to the thick darkness where God was.” (Exodus 20:21)

§   §   §

         Our sacred text is filled with apparent ironies: relinquishment as the means of true possession; strength flowing from weakness; silence giving birth to authentic speech; life emerging from the ash heap. For those of us attempting to find a way in this dangerous time—to traverse this seemingly endless graveyard with something more than a whistle on our lips—embracing the reality of darkness, rather than fleeing it, is crucial to the sustenance of hope.

         As filtered through Western intellectual and cultural traditions, the Bible—Christian Scripture—appears to have a pronounced bias favoring “light” and opposing “darkness.” Surely there is plenty of evidence to justify such bias. But another reading is also possible, one more pronounced in Christian mystical traditions, where the Holy One is encountered in darkness.

         Indeed, the opening chapter of Genesis affirms that creation begins in darkness: “And there was evening and there was morning, the first day” (1:5). The promise to Abram, of descendants outnumbering the stars and of land (read security) is made only after a “deep and terrifying darkness descended upon him” (15:12). It was again at night when the promise was renewed with Abram’s son, Isaac (26:24). And Isaac’s son, Jacob, has his name changed (read destiny) to “Israel” (“one who strives with human and divine beings”) following an all-night wrestling match with an “angel” (32:24-32).

         The Hebrew slaves’ escape from Pharaoh’s prison camp occurred at night; and, a little later, their covenant-making encounter with God comes from “the voice out of the darkness” (Exodus 20:21; Deuteronomy 5:22). Indeed, “The LORD has said that he would reside in thick darkness” (1 Kings 8;12; 2 Chronicles 6:1), and God “made darkness his covering around him” (Psalm 18:11). The repeated promise of good news is “to those who sat in darkness . . . for those who sat in the region and shadow of death” (Isaiah. 9:2; Matthew 4:16). To these faithful ones “the treasures of darkness” are promised (Isaiah 45:3).

         Then, of course, there’s the unforgettable image from Psalm 23: “Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil.”

         The Jesus story begins with angels appearing in the dead of night to roughneck shepherds. Royal astrologers from the East are alerted to divine announcement by stars visible only in darkness. Joseph, Mary and the infant flee the wrath of political authorities under cover of night.

         Jesus’ well-known statement about being “born again” (more accurately, “born from above”) was made to the Jewish leader Nicodemus, who came under the cover of darkness for a rendezvous with Jesus. It was at night—“on the night he was betrayed” (1 Corinthians 11:23)—that Jesus gathered his disciples for a final meal and parting instructions.

         On more than one occasion Jesus’ imprisoned followers received nighttime angelic visitation, either to free them (Act 5:19) or to bolster their courage for a coming trial (18:9). And the Apostle Paul’s initiation of his historic mission to Gentiles came on the heels of another night vision, of a “man from Macedonia pleading with him and saying, ‘Come over to Macedonia and help us’” (16:9). The tradition continues—especially in works like St. John of the Cross’s Dark Night of the Soul—up through modern poets like Rilke and Berry.

         What might happen if we allowed the realism of our present predicament to embrace this spiritually-forming “night” life? What if—instead of manic attempts to suppress our anxiety and flee our despair—we take this invitation to embrace what Rilke, in his Letters to a Young Poet, called “sadness.”

         "It seems to me that almost all our sadnesses are moments of tension, which we feel as paralysis. . . . Because we are alone with the unfamiliar presence that has entered us; because everything we trust and are used to is for a moment taken away from us. . . . And that is why it is so important to be solitary and attentive when one is sad. . . . The quieter we are, the more patient and open we are in our sadnesses, the more deeply and serenely the new presence can enter us, and the more we can make it our own. . . .”

         His comments remind me of a phrase by German theologian Dorothee Sölle’s, when she urged schooling in the capacity for “revolutionary patience.” Patience, not as passivity or idleness, but active, on-the-edge-of-your-seat waiting and listening. Patience like stubborn resistance. Like a good farmer who knows when to plant, when to plow, when to water, when to weed—and when to wait. “Harvest will fill the barn,” Wendell Berry writes in one of his Sabbath poems. “For that the hand must ache, the brow must sweat. Yet no leaf or grain is filled by work of ours. The field is tilled, and left to grace.”

         Rather than give in to despair, to hopelessness, to withdrawal into the private life of resignation, what if we were to reclaim the literature of lament in our own Scripture? What if we stopped boycotting those angry imprecatory Psalms, giving voice to the anguish we feel? What if we threw off prayer as polite deference to a remote but fickle deity and allowed prayer instead to explore the raw edges of our agony?

         What if we were to challenge our young people with the question, “For what are you willing to give your life? And then supported them, even in their trials and errors, in finding avenues to express their thirst for God? And what if we dared our old ones to resist our culture’s recommendation that they fill their lives with post-retirement distraction—dared them to reclaim their visionary vocation.

         And what if, in the mist of our young ones dreaming and our old ones seeing visions, what if all of us could move beyond the tired old arguments between liberals and conservatives over whether the Bible is infallible or literally true and rediscovered the very real power of the text to form and inform our lives?

         What we gathered around our baptismal pools and fonts to interrogate ourselves again with the question: What does it mean to be buried with Christ? What if, in the words of Clarence Jordan, we talked about faith not as belief in spite of the evidence but faith as life lived in scorn of the consequences?

         What if we affirmed that the only serious thinking about Jesus is done on the road, in the midst of the risk of discipleship?

         In that powerfully evocative scene from John’s wild imagination, he writes: “Then the dragon was angry with the woman, and went off to make war on the rest of her children, those who keep the commandments of God and hold the testimony of Jesus” (12:17). The dragon is still angry; and, yes, the war continues.

         These indeed are the facts. But as Wendell Berry wrote: Be joyful, though you have considered the facts! As odd as it may sound, this sermon really is about Thanksgiving.

         Years ago, when my wife pastored in Atlanta, she made regular visits with people in our congregation’s poverty-stricken neighborhood. Miss Eula May was among her favorite stops.

         One of those visits was in the dead of winter, with cold, howling winds. Nancy went to check on Miss Eula May, a frail, older woman, whose only family was a son in prison and had long ago forgotten the womb from which he had emerged. Eula May’s house was a ramshackle structure, long since forgotten by the landlord. Her only source of heat was one small gas heater, and she spent frigid days sitting next to it, wrapped in a blanket.

         Eula May was dying, and she knew it. The fatal diagnosis of cancer was a daily companion. Before she left, Miss Eula May asked my wife to pray with her. And Nancy began a prayer for strength, for perseverance, for sustenance, for courage in the face of calamity. And Eula May began chiming in, almost inaudibly at first, with her voice finding unknown clarity and unparalleled resonance. Nancy says it was as if she was chanting—over and over, this simple phrase: “Oh, thank ya’ Jesus. Thank ya’ Lawd. Oh, thank ya’ Jesus, thank ya’ Lawd.”

         She later related the story to me. “Here I was. A young, confident white woman trying to instill hope in a nearly-forgotten, penniless, terminal old black woman. And I realized the tables were turned. Miss Eula May was the one doing the installation that day; she was the one who knew about hope; hers was a heart of joy, filled with the kind of gratitude that only comes when the myth of privilege and false security is stripped away, filled with the hope that knows that only God and God’s purposes can be counted on.

         Be still . . . fear not . . . know that I am God. These phrases are the consistent refrain in moments of deadly crisis throughout Scripture. They are always spoken to people with their backs against the wall, to those at the end of their rope, to the outnumbered, the outgunned, to those about-to-be-overwhelmed. They are not escape clauses to life’s apparent death knell. Rather, they are invitations to grasp that which is available only to those with empty hands.

         It is to the mournful that rejoicing is promised; it is only to those facing trial that the Spirit’s presence is promised; it is only to the meek that the earth is promised. And it is only from the dark and dangerous shadow of night that guiding light is granted.

         It is only from this defenseless posture that we can confirm what the psalmist knew: “If I say, ‘Surely the darkness shall cover me, and the light around me become night,’ even the darkness is not dark to you; the night is as bright as the day, for darkness is as light to you” (139:11-12).

         Carpe Noctem, sisters and brothers. Seize the night!

#  #  #

* Memo PPS23, a top secret Policy Planning Study, written 24 February 1948 for the U.S. State Department's planning staff, declassified 17 June 1974. Kennan later became U.S. Ambassador to the Soviet Union and is credited with articulating the policy of “containment” when it came to US-Soviet relations. Foreign Policy magazine named Kennan as “the most influential diplomat of the 20th century.” Later Kennan strongly opposed the way his policy recommendations were practiced in actual foreign relations. He was a strong critic of US foreign interventions, everything from Vietnam to the US invasion of Iraq.

The title and general topic of this sermon was borrowed and inspired by a sermon from my wife, Nancy Hastings Sehested.

©Ken Sehested @ prayerandpolitiks.org

News, views, notes, and quotes

Signs of the Times  •  25 October 2018 •  No. 176

[graphic id. Data from The Leadership Conference Education Fund (PDF) and The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Photo credit: Brutal Deluxe / Wikimedia

Processional. Dance of the scarves. Brooklyn artist Daniel Vurtsela. (2:47 video. Thanks Wendy.)

Above: photo by Muntazeri Abdi, among the recipients of the 2018 Comedy Wildlife Photography Awards.

Invocation. “Happy are those who walk in the Way of Beauty, harnessed in the Bridle of Mercy and according to the Weal of Justice. In this Law I delight! May it rule soul and soil and society alike.” —continue reading “In this Law I delight,” a litany for worship inspired by Psalm 119

Call to worship. “O blooming branch, / you stand upright in your nobility, / as breaks the dawn on high: / Rejoice now and be glad, / and deign to free us, frail and weakened, / from the wicked habits of our age; / stretch forth your hand / to lift us up aright.” —English translation of “O frondens virga” (“O blooming branch”) lyrics by Hildegard von Bingen, performed by Chanticleer

Special edition
VOTING: FRAUD? SUPPRESSION? GERRYMANDERING?

Introduction

        How quickly we forget that the US Constitution is silent about voting rights. For decades the privilege was reserved for property-owning white men—then, about 6% of the country’s population. Some states also had religious restrictions. It wasn’t until the 1850s that property requirements were dropped. It would be well over a century before women were granted the right; and another half century still before the majority of African Americans secured the right.

        Consider this (widely-shared) opinion of John Adams, signer of the Declaration of Independence and later president, who wrote in 1776 that no good could come from enfranchising more Americans:

        “Depend upon it, Sir, it is dangerous to open so fruitful a source of controversy and altercation as would be opened by attempting to alter the qualifications of voters; there will be no end to it. New claims will arise; women will demand the vote; and every man who has not a farthing, will demand an equal voice with any other, in all acts of state. It tends to confound and destroy all distinctions, and prostrate all ranks to one common level.”

¶ “To my friends who question the value of voting, or have ethical qualms about choosing between the lesser of two evils: Vote, or don’t. Its significance will always lie somewhere between essential and useless. None of us is allowed to assess any action as ultimate—but that’s no license for skepticism or despondence.

        “Voting is such a small part of our commonwealth duty. I spend more time in grocery store lines every month than in polling stations every year. Elections are but the end result of an advocacy for the common good that starts in each watershed.” —continue reading “Vote, or don’t: The issues are larger than elections

Hymn of praise. “In God alone my soul can find rest and peace, in God my peace and joy. Only in God my soul can find its rest, find its rest and peace.” —Taizé chant, “In God Alone,” music by Jacques Berthier

Money doesn't just talk, it votes. “[T]he gap between voters and non-voters breaks down strongly along class lines. In the 2012 election, 80.2% of those making more than $150,000 voted, while only 46.9% of those making less than $10,000 voted.” —Sean McElwee, “The Income Gap at the Polls,” Politico

¶ “Just 15 groups were responsible for more than 75% of dark money political spending from 2010 to 2016, and together poured more than $600 million—out of a total of $800+ million—into campaigns in the wake of the landmark Citizens United” [2010 Supreme Court case that removed most of the few remaining obstacles to the influence of wealth in elections]. Jessica Corbett, Alternet

The US trails most developed countries in voter turnout. Among the 32 wealthier democracies, the “leader of the free world” ranks #26. Drew DeSilver, Pew Research Center

Confession. “It is with careless ease that we say, ‘Bless God, for all life is good,’ when the sun shines during our outings, when no strain threatens our budget. It takes little faith to acknowledge God’s goodness when terror remains at a distance. Bring us into the presence of widows whose faith is stronger than famine. Send Elijah to accompany us to the place where hope outstrips horror.” —continue reading “Elijah and the widow,” a litany for worship inspired by 1 Kings 17:8-24

VOTER FRAUD incidence: 0.0003% – 0.0025%. —“Debunking the Voter Fraud Myth,” Brennan Center for Justice

        • Between 2001–2014: 31 incidents out of more than one billion ballots cast.

        • After the 2016 election, the Washington Post analyzed reported cases of fraud and found a grand total of 4 credible cases (out of 135 million votes cast).

        • “It is more likely that an individual will be struck by lightning than he will impersonate another voter at the polls.” Ali Velshi, MSNBC

        • In my own state of North Carolina: The State Board of Elections released in April 2017 an audit of the 2016 electoral results. Of 4,769,640 votes cast, only one would have been avoided with a voter ID law. Charlotte Observer

        • “Kansas Secretary of State Kris Kobach implemented his own statewide effort, using the prosecutorial powers of his office to attempt to uncover a conspiracy of noncitizen voters. He netted a grand total of nine convictions . . . just one conviction of a noncitizen voter.” —Vann R. Newkirk, “Voter Suppression Is the New Old Normal,” The Atlantic 

VOTER SUPPRESSION. The best brief survey I’ve seen of widespread voter suppression efforts is Timothy Smith’s review essay of Carol Anderson’s One Person, One Vote: How Voter Suppression Is Destroying Our Democracy. Post

        • After Barack Obama’s election in 2008, “Republicans faced a quandary: How should they deal with the rising demographic tide of minority voters? In 1992, nonwhites represented just 13 percent of the voting population — by 2012, they were 28 percent. Republicans had a choice: They could change their policies to appeal to new voters or find a way to suppress their votes.”

        • “In 1867, just after the Civil War, more than 65% of newly enfranchised blacks registered to vote in Mississippi; by 1955, that figure had plummeted to 4.3%. The same dismal story was repeated all across the South.”

        •“Voter suppression had now gone nationwide as it became a Republican-fueled chimera that by 2017 gripped 33 states and cast a pall over more than half the American voting-age population.”

        • “Since 2013, more than 1,000 polling places have been closed in nine Republican-dominated states alone.”

Words of assurance. “On this mountain the Lord of hosts will make for all peoples a feast. . . . The shroud that is cast over all peoples will be destroyed; and God will swallow up death forever. All tears will be dried, all disgrace removed.” —Isaiah 25:6-9 slightly adapted

        • In Georgia, Secretary of State Brian Kemp—the Republican candidate for governor—has closed polling locations in a third of the state’s counties, three-quarters of whom are disproportionately non-white. And as of 9 October, Kemp has set aside 53,000 voters, 70% of them African American, under his “exact match” policy.

RIGHT: Printed in March 1812, this political cartoon was drawn in reaction to the newly drawn state senate election district of South Essex created by the Massachusetts legislature to favor the Democratic-Republican Party candidates of Governor Elbridge Gerry over the Federalists. The caricature satirizes the bizarre shape of a district in Essex County, Massachusetts, as a dragon-like "monster". Federalist newspaper editors and others at the time likened the district shape to a salamander, and the word gerrymander was a blend of that word and Governor Gerry's last name.

        • “In sum, the 2018 report of the nonpartisan US Commission on Civil Rights concluded that in states like Georgia “cuts to polling places resulted in decreased minority-voter access and influence.” Jay Michaelson, Daily Beast

        • “In the five years since the US Supreme Court struck down key parts of the Voting Rights Act, nearly a thousand polling places have been shuttered across the country, many of them in southern black communities.” Matt Vasilogambros, Pew Trust

        • For a quick survey of the states that have approved voter suppression laws since 2010, see “New Voting Restrictions in America,” Brennan Center for Justice

Hymn of supplication. “Hear O Lord, the sound of my voice. Hear O Lord and have mercy.” —Pam Hall, “Hear O Lord

GERRYMANDERING.

        • “If there is one silver bullet that could fix American democracy, it’s getting rid of gerrymandering—the now commonplace practice of drawing electoral districts in a distorted way for partisan gain.” —Brian Klaas, “Gerrymandering is the biggest obstacle to genuine democracy in the United States. So why is no one protesting?” Washington Post

        •Because of gerrymandering, 84% of congressional districts are noncompetitive. —watch this brief (2:26) video, “Gerrymandering Explained

        •In the 2016 election, some 35 million North Carolinians voted for Republican candidates; 32.1 for Democrats. Yet in the State Assembly, Democrats won only 38% of the House seats; only 30% in the Senate. Politifact

        • In 2012, Michigan voters cast nearly 53% of their votes for Democrats. Nevertheless, Republicans won 9 of the state’s 14 seats in the House of Representatives. —Ginger Strand, “Among the Gerrymandered,” Pacific Standard

        • In 2017 a federal court ruled that the North Carolina General Assembly, controlled by Republican super-majorities in both chambers, illegally redrew election districts diluting African American voters “with almost surgical precision.” Sam Levine, Huffpost

Professing our faith. "You do not need to know precisely what is happening, or exactly where it is all going. What you need is to recognize the possibilities and challenges offered by the present moment, and to embrace them with courage, faith and hope." —Thomas Merton

Hymn of intercession. “Soon it will be done / Trouble of the world / Going home to live with God.” —Mahalia Jackson, “Trouble of the World,”

Word. “If the Gods Had Meant Us to Vote They Would Have Given Us Candidates.” —Jim Hightower book title

By the numbers. Money raised for the 2018 congressional election cycle is projected to surpass the $5 billion mark, nearly 20% higher than the two previous record setting cycles—in 2016 and 2010, adjusted for inflation—of giving to congressional candidates. OpenSecrets, Center for Responsible Politics

Flawed democracy. In January “The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), a unit under the aegis of The Economist magazine, released its annual Democracy Index report, which seeks to understand and measure the state of democracy around the world. Every country on Earth is rated on a 0 to 10 scale. . . .

        “In the EIU report, the US received an overall score of 7.98, ranking second in the “flawed democracy” category, tied with Italy. South Korea ranked slightly higher in the same category, and Japan ranked third.” Nicole Karlis, Salon

Preach it. “The world is always going to be dangerous, and people get badly banged up, but how can there be more meaning than helping one another stand up in a wind and stay warm?” —Anne Lamott, “Stitches”

Can’t makes this sh*t up. “In 1980 Paul Weyrich, who many insiders credit with founding the modern conservative Christian political movement, said this to a group of conservative evangelical activists: ‘I don’t want everybody to vote. … Our leverage in the elections quite candidly goes up as the voting populace goes down.’” —Bruce Gourley, Nurturing Faith

Call to the table. “Christians don't simply learn or study or use Scripture; we assimilate it, take it into our lives in such a way that it gets metabolized into acts of love.” —Eugene H. Peterson

The state of our disunion. “Database Tracks History Of U.S. Meddling In Foreign Elections.” NPR's Ari Shapiro talks to Carnegie Mellon University researcher Dov Levin about his historical database that tracks U.S. involvement in meddling with foreign elections over the years. National Public Radio  (For more background on “US meddling in other countries’ elections,” see the special edition of “Signs of the Times,” 19 July 2017, #128.)

Best one-liner. “Be a lamp, or a lifeboat, or a ladder.” —Rumi

For the beauty of the earth. Brief (1:52) video of the Valley of the Gods, in southeastern Utah. CBS Sunday morning

Altar call. “Come, my Way, my Truth, my Life: such a way as gives us breath, / Such a truth as ends all strife, such a life as conquers death.” —Blackfriars Music, “Come, My Way

Benediction. “Let your religion be less of a theory and more of a love affair.” —G.K. Chesterton

Recessional.Carska jektenija” (“The Royal Ektenia, or “Litany of Peace”), performed by Vila, a Serbian Orthodox Singing Society.

Lectionary for this Sunday.In this Law I delight,” a litany for worship inspired by Psalm 119.

Lectionary for Sunday next. “Elijah and the widow,” a litany for worship inspired by 1 Kings 17:8-24.

Just for fun. Amazing Cirque de Soleil jump rope artist. (2:55 video)

#  #  #

Featured this week on prayer&politiks

• “Vote, or don’t: The issues are larger than elections,” commentary on the present electoral season

• “In this Law I delight,” a litany for worship inspired by Psalm 119

• “Come home,” a litany for worship inspired by Psalm 146

 
Resources for All Hallow’s Eve and All Saints Day

• “Hallowed Week: A call to worship for All Hallows Eve and All Saints Day,” Abigail Hastings

• “All Saints,” an All Saints Day call to worship and pastoral prayer, Nancy Hastings Sehested

• “All Saints Day,” a litany for worship

• “For All the Saints: New lyrics for an old hymn

©Ken Sehested @ prayerandpolitiks.org. Language not otherwise indicated above is that of the editor, as are those portions cited as “kls.” Don’t let the “copyright” notice keep you from circulating material you find here (and elsewhere in this site). Reprint permission is hereby granted in advance for noncommercial purposes.

Feel free to copy and post any original art on this site. (The ones with “prayer&politiks.org” at the bottom.) As well as other information you find helpful.

Your comments are always welcomed. If you have news, views, notes or quotes to add to the list above, please do. If you like what you read, pass this along to your friends. You can reach me directly at kensehested@prayerandpolitiks.org.

 

Vote, or don’t

The issues are larger than elections

by Ken Sehested

        To my friends who question the value of voting, or have ethical qualms about choosing between the lesser of two evils: Vote, or don’t. Its significance will always lie somewhere between essential and useless. None of us is allowed to assess any action as ultimate—but that’s no license for skepticism or despondence.

        Voting is such a small part of our commonwealth duty. I spend more time in grocery store lines every month than in polling stations every year. Elections are but the end result of an advocacy for the common good that starts in each watershed. Imagine a different future, find collaborators, and spend yourself extravagantly.

        Renewed public policy requires new public consensus. As Frederick Douglass knew all too well, “Power concedes nothing without a demand.” Be demanding. Justice often requires the painful work of delegitimizing existing power arrangements before reconstruction can occur.

        Ballots have proved a welcomed alternative to bullets. But elections do not a democracy make. They can be bought in a thousand different ways.

        The roots which nurture my support for democratic polity include conclusions from philosophical reflection and political theory. But the deepest are theological: democratic governance is an important public means by which we practice nonviolence.

        People of equal vision, passion, courage and intelligence will (and do!) disagree on how to get to where we need to be. The body politic needs vigorous, even heated debate, but not demolition derbies and cockfights.

        No movement has ever been generated or crushed by an election, but they can be encouraged or restrained. As Einstein said, no problem can be solved from the same level of consciousness that created it. Work at constructing a new level.

        Telling is good. Showing is better. Doing is best. We live our way into new kinds of thinking far more often than we think our way into new kinds of living. Convictions that don't raise blisters or calluses are good only for talk shows and showrooms.

        Think large in small ways; act small in large ways. Be like the trim tab on a large ocean-going vessel, altering inertia just enough to allow the rudder to change course without breaking.

        According to the Great Law of the Iroquois Confederacy (aka Six Nations), “In our every deliberation, we must consider the impact of our decisions on the next seven generations.” Pay it forward.

        “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world,” anthropologist Margaret Mead said. “Indeed, it's the only thing that ever has.”

        “If you think you're too small to be effective, you've never been in bed with a mosquito.” (author unknown)

        Ponder the parable of the coalmouse.

        “Tell me the weight of a snowflake,” a coalmouse asked a wild dove.

        “Nothing more than nothing,” was the answer.

        “In that case I must tell you a marvelous story,” the coalmouse said.  “I sat on the branch of a fir, close to its trunk, when it began to snow, not heavily, not in a raging blizzard, no, just like in a dream, without any violence. Since I didn't have anything better to do, I counted the snowflakes settling on the twigs and needles of my branch. Their number was exactly 3,741,952.  When the next snowflake dropped onto the branch—nothing more than nothing, as you say—the branch broke off.”

        Having said that the coalmouse ran away.

        The dove, since Noah's time an authority on the matter, thought about the story for awhile and finally said to herself: “Perhaps there is only one person's voice lacking for peace to come about in the world.” (“A Tale For All Seasons,” adapted, from The Caribou by Kurt Kauter)

©ken sehested @ prayerandpolitiks.org

News, views, notes, and quotes

Signs of the Times  •  17 October 2018  •  No. 175

Processional.Saman: Dance of a Thousand Hands,” a traditional dance with music of the Gayo people of Sumatra, performed by the combined Voice of Chicago and DiMension ensembles of the Chicago Children's Choir.

Above: Photo by Doug Lowry.

Special edition
COMMEMORATING CHILDREN'S SABBATH

This year is the Children’s Defense Fund’s (CDF) 27th observance of Children’s Sabbath.
This year’s theme: “Realizing Dr. King’s Vision for Every Child: Lives of Hope, Not Despair.”
The date is 27-29 October (but you can observe the day whenever it seems appropriate).
CDF has special worship material for Christian, Jewish, and interfaith observances, along with other resources.

Invocation. “It takes a whole village to raise our children / It takes a whole village to raise one child / We all everyone must share the burden / We all everyone will share the joy.” The Choral Project

¶ “No child ever learned curiosity by filling out curiosity work sheets.” —Paul Tough, Helping Children Succeed: What Works and Why

Call to worship. “We pray for children / who put chocolate fingers everywhere, / who like to be tickled, / who stomp in puddles and ruin their new pants, / who sneak popsicles before supper. . . /  And we pray for those who stare at photographers from behind barbed wire, / who can’t bound down the street in a new pair of sneakers, / who are born in places we wouldn’t be caught dead, who never go to the circus, who live in an X-rated world.” —continue reading Ina J. Hughes’ “A Prayer for Children

Good news. “The student council of Chelsea High School in Michigan have unanimously agreed to replace their homecoming queen tradition with a new ‘Excellence Award’ that will instead recognize students based on attributes other than appearance and/or popularity.

        “The students hope that the new award will help prevent bullying within the school.  The school has been working to fight bullying since they launched their #WhyYouMatter campaign in 2016.” McKinley Corbley, goodnewsnetwork

¶“Anyone familiar with King James’ translation of Scripture will recognize the phrase ‘Suffer the little children to come unto me,’ spoken by Jesus in rebuffing the disciples’ intent on keeping young ones at arm’s length. (See Mark 9:33-37 and 10:14, with parallel stories in Matthew 18 and Luke 18.) The synoptic writers’ retention of this odd story serves as a point of entry into the Gospel story as a whole.” —continue reading “Suffer the children: A Bible study on Jesus’ teachings about ‘becoming like children’”

Hymn of praise. “All my life I´ve been waiting for / I´ve been praying for / For the people to say / That we don´t wanna fight no more / They´ll be no more wars / And our children will play / One day.” —Koolulam leading 3000 people, three languages in Haifa all singing “One Day” hoping that it is near. (Thanks Marnie.)

¶ “Selfless behaviour could boost confidence in teenagers, new research has found. In a longitudinal study conducted at Brigham Young University, Utah, scientists noted that adolescents who exhibited prosocial behaviour towards strangers had higher self-esteem a year later.

Left: Art by Ade Bethune, ©Ade Bethune Collection, St. Catherine University, St. Paul, MN.

        “’This study helps us to understand that young people who help those with whom they do not have a relationship report feeling better about themselves over time,’ explained the study’s co-author, professor Laura Padilla-Walker.” Olivia Petter, Independent

Prayer of thanksgiving. ““Dear God, I thank You for the gift of this child to raise, this life to share, this mind to help mold, this body to nurture, and this spirit to enrich. Let me never betray this child’s trust, dampen this child’s hope, or discourage this child’s dreams.” —Marian Wright Edelman, Guide My Feet: Meditations and Prayers On Loving and Working for Children

¶ “Of the many dangers this presidency poses, one of the greatest is deep damage to our children’s perceptions of race, gender and other kinds of difference. We know the youngest children internalize racist perceptions of themselves and others. These effects are powerful in normal times. In this political climate, they’re on steroids.” Jennifer Harvey, New York Times

Confession. “Create In Me a Clean Heart (Psalm 51),” Thingamakid children’s choir, Jacobs Jewish Summer Camp.

¶ “About 15 million children in the United States – 21% of all children – live in families with incomes below the federal poverty threshold, a measurement that has been shown to underestimate the needs of families. Research shows that, on average, families need an income of about twice that level to cover basic expenses. Using this standard, 43% of children live in low-income families.” National Center for Children in Poverty

Citizens in the US think social mobility—the ability to move from rags to riches—is a hallmark of our nation. Wrong. “[T]he probability of a child born to parents in the bottom fifth of the incomes reaching the top fifth is 7.5% in America.” Alissa Quart, The Guardian

Words of assurance. “The echoes of childhood whisper violence / Cold wind beating out of the past / Rage in your throat, muffled silence / Hold on, I will stand fast / You are safe in the daylight at last / Nightmare and fear, they have no power here / I will stand fast.” —Fred Small, “I Will Stand Fast,” a song for survivors of child abuse 

We need to incorporate this finding into our analysis. The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry recently gave Dr. Stacy Drury its award for outstanding scientific achievement for her research into how “early childhood trauma can have negative health consequences that seep across generations. The research showed that a biological marker of an infant’s ability to regulate stress was influenced not only by the amount of stress the child’s mother experienced during pregnancy but also by a mother’s life course experiences with stress.” Keith Brannon, Tulane University

Hymn of resolution. “I am open and I am willing / To be hopeless would seem so strange / It dishonors those who go before us / So lift me up to the light of change. . . . / Give me a mighty oak to hold my confusion / Give me a desert to hold my fears / Give me a sunset to hold my wonder / Give me an ocean to hold my tears.” —Holly Near, “I Am Willing

Short story. “’The catcher in the rye’ is what 17-year-old Holden Caufield tells his little sister he wants to be, rejecting her suggestions of lawyer and scientist. Holden, the narrator and main character in Salinger’s classic novel The Catcher in the Rye, wants to preserve innocence.

        “He tells his sister that he imagines thousands of small children playing in a field of rye. At the end of the field is a cliff and if the children in the play wander too close and fall, he would be there to protect them.” —Mary Lou Kownacki, OSB, The Nonviolent Moment: Spirituality for the 21st Century

Hymn of intercession. “ICE is loose over those streets. [*ICE = Immigrations and Customs Enforcement; ice = hielo] / We never know when we will be hit. / They cry, the children cry at the doorway, / They cry when they see that their mother will not come back.” “Ice El Hielo,” La Santa Cecilia

Word. “What a society does to its children, its children will do to society." —Marcus Tullius Cicero, 1st century BCE Roman statesman and philosopher

Preach it. “Your children are not your children. / They are the sons and daughters of Life’s longing for itself. / They come through you but not from you,  / And though they are with you yet they belong not to you. . . . / You are the bows from which your children as living arrows are sent forth.” —Kahlil Gibran, “The Prophet”

This is how gangster capitalism works. “A resolution to encourage breast-feeding was expected to be approved quickly and easily by the hundreds of government delegates who gathered for the United Nations-affiliated World Health Assembly.” Ecuador was slated to present the resolution. But Trump Administration officials threatened the small Latin American country with punishing trade restrictions and a cutoff of military aid.

        “A 2016 study in The Lancet [the world’s oldest and most prestigious medical journal] found that universal breast-feeding would prevent 800,000 child deaths a year across the globe and yield $300 billion in savings from reduced health care costs and improved economic outcomes for those reared on breast milk.” Andrew Jacobs, New York Times

By the numbers. “The United States ranks near the bottom of the pack of wealthy nations on a measure of child poverty, according to a report from UNICEF. Nearly one third of US children live in households with an income below 60% of the national median income in 2008—about $31,000 annually. . . . The US ranks 36th out of the 41 wealthy countries.” Christopher Ingraham, Washington Post

Hymn of thanksgiving.Webale” (“Thank You”), Watoto Children's Choir.

Can’t makes this sh*t up.
        • “It is one of the great acts of American generosity and charity, what we are doing for these unaccompanied kids who are smuggled into our country or come across illegally,” according to Health and Human Services Secretary Alex Azar defending the Trump administration’s separation of migrant children from their parents. Willa Frej, huffingtonpost
        • “The Five-Year-Old Who Was Detained at the Border [then separated from her grandmother] and Persuaded to Sign Away Her Rights.” Sarah Stillman, New Yorker

Call to the table. “Let us put our minds together and see what life we can make for our children.” —Sitting Bull, chief of the Hunkpapa Lakota nation

Preparation for All Saints Day. “I Sing a Song of the Saints of God,” The Children's Choir of St. John's Episcopal Church in North Haven, CT.

The state of our disunion. “The number of migrant children being detained by the [US] government has reached its highest level ever, according to a report by The New York Times. Data obtained by the Times showed that 12,800 children were detained in federal custody this month, compared to 2,400 children detained in May 2017.” Grace Segers, CBS News

        The business of housing, transporting and watching over migrant children detained along the southwest border is a billion-dollar industry. —for more see Manny Fernandez and Katie Benner, New York Times

Best one-liner. "It's bizarre that the produce manager is more important to my children's health than the pediatrician."  —Meryl Streep

For the beauty of the earth. Preparing for babies—watch this bird’s amazing nest building skill. (2:50 video. Thanks Linda.)

Altar call. “People killin' people dyin' / Children hurtin', I hear them cryin' / Can you practice what you preachin'?—Black Eyed Peas, “Where Is the Love?

¶ “I’m embarrassed to admit muffling a groan when I first heard “safe church policy” [to guard against sexual abuse of children] mentioned in conversation among our members. Three thoughts came rushing up in complaint.” —continue reading “Safe church policies: Pastoral advice on getting started

Resources.

        • “13 Children’s Books That Encourage Kindness Towards Others.” —BuzzFeed

        • “Books That Facilitate Empathy: Poverty.” —Melissa Taylor, Imagination Soup

        • “11 Free Reading Websites for Kids.—Brandi Jordan, Really Good Stuff

Benediction. What to tell the children? “Tell them that this is the great awakening. / Tell them that we humans have made some huge mistakes / And that’s how we now find ourselves in this tenuous place. / Teach them that hate is the poison. / Teach them that love is the remedy, / That it is better to be readied for what comes next, / Even if the revelation is painful.” —read Rachel Kann’s poem written shortly after the November 2016 US election

Recessional. “All people who accept / His authority / Are his children / Are children / Are children / In the power of God.” —English translation of “Bonse Aba,” traditional folk song from the Bemba tribe of Zambia, performed by La Coral Santisima Trinidad de Valencia, Spain

Lectionary for this Sunday.

        • To do a “Children’s Sabbath” sermon, use vv.13-16 of Mark 10 instead of vv. 46-52.

        • “Unimagined grace,” a litany for worship inspired by Jeremiah 31

Lectionary for Sunday next.Unprotected Texts: The difficult dialogue with the Bible on love and marriage,” a sermon by Nancy Hastings Sehested, anchored in the story of Ruth and Naomi.

Just for fun.If you were a sibling of Jesus,” Michael Jr. (3:54 video. Thanks Kyle.)

#  #  #

Featured this week on prayer&politiks

• “Suffer the children: A Bible study on Jesus’ teachings about ‘becoming like children’”

• “Unprotected Texts: The difficult dialogue with the Bible on love and marriage,” a sermon by Nancy Hastings Sehested
 
Other features

• “Teach your children well,” a litany for worship inspired by Psalm 78

• “Come home,” a litany for worship inspired by Psalm 146

• “Safe church policies: Pastoral advice on getting started

©Ken Sehested @ prayerandpolitiks.org. Language not otherwise indicated above is that of the editor, as are those portions cited as “kls.” Don’t let the “copyright” notice keep you from circulating material you find here (and elsewhere in this site). Reprint permission is hereby granted in advance for noncommercial purposes.

Feel free to copy and post any original art on this site. (The ones with “prayer&politiks.org” at the bottom.) As well as other information you find helpful.

Your comments are always welcomed. If you have news, views, notes or quotes to add to the list above, please do. If you like what you read, pass this along to your friends. You can reach me directly at kensehested@prayerandpolitiks.org.

 

Unprotected Texts

The difficult dialogue with the Bible on love and marriage

by Nancy Hastings Sehested
Circle of Mercy Congregation
May 13, 2012

The caller sounded desperate. “Please, please help me. I don’t want to live in sin anymore. I have to get married. Can you help me?”

She explained that she had lived with one of our prisoners for several years. He had 10 more years on his sentence. Then she told me more than I wanted to know about their intimate life together. “The Bible says it’s sin.”

She used the biblical “f” word. You know the one…the 11-letter  “f” word that we stumbled over when our Sunday School teacher asked us to read the passages from some of the New Testament letters of Paul (like Colossians 3:5). And then we asked what that word meant and suddenly the teacher’s expression looked like an 18-wheeler was headed right for us.

The woman on the phone was frantic. “You gotta help me. I don’t want to go to hell. I want to get things right with God.”

I tried explaining to her that a certificate of marriage from the state of NC was not needed to get right with God. “The state of NC is not God and the state cannot bestow blessing on your relationship.”

“Does this mean you won’t do it?”

“That’s right.”

“And you call yourself a chaplain? You should be ashamed of yourself. You ever read the Bible?” Then she spoke a few not-so-biblical words and slammed the phone down.

“You ever read the Bible?”

Since that question still comes up regularly in my life, my inside voice imagines saying things like: “No, but I’ve seen the movie.” Or: “No, but I’ve found I like the pocket version best. Better for ducking when it’s coming at me.”

You ever read the Bible? It is surely the least read and most often quoted book in history. With the majority of voters in our state voting for Amendment One this last week (the amendment that establishes marriage as only between a man and a woman), the Bible is once again being quoted.

And this last week President Obama astonishingly offered his affirmation of same sex marriage. People like Franklin Graham quickly responded by saying that the President was “shaking his fist at God,” and that he was “going against an 8000-year-old law of God.”

There’s a lot of shaking at fists going on these days. Once again the Bible is in the dangerous position of having “unprotected texts.”  Unprotected Texts is the title of a book by New Testament scholar Jennifer Knust. She looks at the biblical contradictions on issues of human sexuality. I highly recommend it.

How long has the church been obsessed with questions of sexuality? Certainly all of my adult life. The Bible has been forced into the public battles and asked to take sides. Is the Bible for or against the availability of abortion? For or against women in church leadership? For or against the submission of wives to their husbands? For or against gay men and lesbian women being ordained? For or against gay marriage?

During the 1800’s the controversial question was: “Are you for or against slavery?” Alongside that was the question of whether women should have the right to vote, or the right to preach, or the right to divorce, or the right to hold property.

It was not long ago when the question was “Are you for or against interracial marriage?” Prior to 1967 and a Supreme Court decision, interracial marriage was still illegal in twelve states.

Through it all the Bible has been used as the voice of authority. Can you name an issue in our public arena that has not invoked the Bible? War, abortion, sexuality, ecology, immigration, ordination, technology, euthanasia, death penalty, stem cell research, marriage. The list goes on.

We are not practiced in public dialogue. Diatribe, yes, but not dialogue. The public arena too often pushes us to take sides before taking time to hear from all sides. So many of the issues are complex and cannot be resolved by lobbing bible verses at one another.  Don’t you wish it was just a matter of tolerating different viewpoints? But what do we do when a perspective is damning and destructive? What do we do when it springs from the same well of water called the Bible?

Perhaps the latest public controversy swirling around us is an opportunity to look at those “unprotected texts.” Perhaps it invites us to have another difficult dialogue with the Bible on issues that affect all of us in one way or another.

Let’s begin the dialogue by listening, always a good place to start in any dialogue. What does the Bible say about marriage?

Turn in your Bibles…oops. I see. No Bibles in your hand. Alrighty, then. The fasten-your-seat-belt light is on. Stay in your seats. There are storms in the area. We will be experiencing some turbulence.

In the first creation story in Genesis, God created humankind in God’s own image, “male and female God created them.” (Genesis 1: 27)  In the second creation story in Genesis (2:24—yes, there are two): "Therefore a man leaves his father and his mother and clings to his woman; and they become one flesh." (Knust translation)

Notice the unusual wording since the practice was for a woman to leave her father’s house to go the man’s household. The ancient Hebrew language usually stated it this way: a man “takes” a woman. She was expected to be a virgin, with dire consequences if she was found to be otherwise. (You will remember the horror of Joseph when he learned that Mary was pregnant.)

Life expectancy for a woman was 30 years old and for a man 40. Mortality rate for children under 3 years old was extremely high. Life was fragile.

Be stewards of the earth and its creatures as well as “be fruitful and multiply. We can see how these words were critical for survival of the community. And we can see why it was so difficult to live by.

The patriarchs of the faith had multiple wives and concubines. They wanted to father as many children as possible to keep the tribe alive. Sons were especially prized to keep the family lineage. Women were considered a part of the household property. Men had absolute authority over women. The primary reason for marriage was economic. It was a world of survival through bread and babies.

The Mosaic laws covered a multitude of sins in the newly formed Israelite community. Among them was the command not to commit adultery or covet another man’s wife, slave, ox, or donkey. And what about that law about a man obligated to marry a woman he has raped? (Deuteronomy 22:28-30)

Stoning to death was a form of punishment for stepping outside some of the laws. Disobedient teenagers were to be stoned to death in the town square. (Deuteronomy 22: 18-21) Many of us would not be alive today if we still obeyed that law.

King David’s escapade with Bathsheba was particularly egregious because she was the property of another man.

So which couple in the Hebrew Bible would we hold up as an example of a great marriage? Adam and Eve?  Who did sign their marriage certificate?

Abraham and Sarah…and Hagar, one of his concubines?

Isaac and Rebekah? Remember how Isaac lied about Rebekah being his wife? He said that she was his sister in case someone tried to kill him in order to seize her.

Jacob and Rachel…and Leah?

What about the man and woman of the sensuous poetic verses of desire in the Song of Songs? Don’t tell our young people, but they weren’t married.

So who then? You read the Bible?

The Hebrew Bible does not have a neatly packaged view of legitimate marriage. So what happens when we jump over to the New Testament?

Jesus never married. He asked his disciples to leave everything to follow him. When Jesus’ own family stood outside the door where he was teaching, he looked at his followers and named them as his family. Jesus broadened the definition of family beyond kinfolk.

“Whoever comes to me and does not hate his father and mother, wife and children, brothers and sister, yes, and even life itself, cannot be my disciple.” (Matthew 14:26)

Jesus’ words were radical and life-altering, daring for the times. Jesus invited his followers into a family of faith that lived by God’s freeing vision. He invited his followers to commit to a covenant with each other that was not dependent on the household codes of bloodline and marriage contracts.

And what do we make of Jesus words in Matthew 19: 11-12: "For there are eunuchs who have been so from birth, and there are eunuchs who have been made eunuchs by others, and there are eunuchs who made themselves eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. Let any accept this who can." Is Jesus encouraging voluntary castration for the most dedicated followers? I’m glad women were left out of that one.

The Pharisees asked Jesus, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife?” (Mark 10:2) Jesus replied that God allows divorce only because of “hardness of heart.” Then he quoted the Genesis verse about a man leaving his father and mother to be joined to his wife, "Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate" (vs. 6-9). Jesus' topic was not marriage but divorce.

If you read further in Mark, Jesus suggests that in the resurrection there is no marriage, but people do marry in the present age because they are not aware of God’s end time judgment.  "For when they rise from the dead they neither marry nor are given in marriage, but are like angels in heaven" (Mark 12: 25). Hardly seems like a resounding endorsement of marriage.

And jumping on down some verses we discover Paul’s words. Ah, Paul. As far as we know Paul never married. He advised against it. He thought that Jesus was coming back very soon so he encouraged those who were unmarried or widowed to be celibate.  "To the unmarried and the widows I say that it is well to remain single as I do" (I Corinthians 7:8).

Nevertheless Paul did say that if you must marry, okay. If you don’t know how to practice self-control, “it is better to marry than to be aflame with passion.”  (I Corinthians 7:9) Take just a moment and look around this room to notice those who are lacking in self-control.

When you attend a wedding, which biblical passages do you most often hear? "Where you go, I will go; where you lodge, I will lodge; your people will be my people, and your God my God" (Ruth 1: 16). Those beautiful words were spoken from one widow to another widow. Ruth courageously said them to Naomi as they forged a path in a treacherous and harsh world without husbands.

What about I Corinthians 13 which is often called the “Love Chapter” in the Bible?  “Love is patient and kind. Love never insists on its own way…”  These were Paul’s poetic words written for a congregation in the midst of a huge conflict.

Many weddings begin the service by noting Jesus attendance at the wedding at Cana as a sign of his blessing of marriage. Really? Shouldn’t it take a little more than just showing up to show blessing?

Brothers and Sisters, have you heard enough? There’s so much more that could be said, but the more for now is this: When it comes to marriage, the bible is a poor guide. There is no single biblical word on marriage. There is no single summation that we can call “the biblical view on marriage.” Contradictions abound.

In light of these mystifying contradictions, it might be more honest to ask the question, “Are you for or against marriage?”

The contract of marriage has historically been about property and privilege. Today’s marriage laws are no exception. The laws grant privileges and rights to heterosexual couples not afforded to gay and lesbian couples. This is horribly unjust.  The Bible has a whole lot to say about “unjust”!

Jesus did teach us to invite all who have been left out to come to the banquet table. Jesus taught the Golden Rule and love of neighbor as oneself. We could go on.

All of us in this room are beneficiaries of one kind or another of communities of faith who have stood up against unjust and inhumane laws and practices. Therefore we will continue to pray, petition and protest until marriage equality is a reality for all couples. And we will do it in the name of our God of justice and mercy.

And what about love?

Remember the story of "Fiddler on the Roof" about the undeniable influence of social norms and traditions in our relationships? It is a vivid story of the power of tradition as well as the power to change long held traditions. In this dialogue the old Jewish patriarch Teyve and the old Jewish matriarch Golde have been married for 25 years. They lived through many trials and tribulations in Old Russia at the turn of the 20th century. Hear now a scene from the story animated by Jeanine and Russell.

Tevye: Golde, I have decided to give Perchik permission to become engaged to our daughter, Hodel.

Golde: What? He's poor! He has nothing, absolutely nothing!

Tevye: He's a good man, Golde. I like him. And what's more important, Hodel likes him. Hodel loves him. So what can we do? It's a new world…A new world… Love.  Golde…do you love me?

Golde: Do I what?

Tevye: Do you love me?

Golde: Do I love you? With our daughters getting married and this trouble in the town…you're upset, you're worn out. Go inside, go lie down! Maybe it's indigestion.

Tevye: Golde I'm asking you a question…Do you love me?

Golde: You're a fool

Tevye: I know…But do you love me?

Golde: Do I love you? For twenty-five years I've washed your clothes,
cooked your meals, cleaned your house, given you children, milked the cow. After twenty-five years, why talk about love right now?

Tevye: Golde, the first time I met you was on our wedding day.I was scared.

Golde: I was shy

Tevye: I was nervous

Golde: So was I

Tevye: But my father and my mother said we'd learn to love each other and now I'm asking…Golde, do you love me?

Golde: I'm your wife

Tevye: I know…But do you love me?

Golde: Do I love him? For twenty-five years I've lived with him, fought him, starved with him. Twenty-five years my bed is his. If that's not love, what is?

Tevye: Then you love me?

Golde: I suppose I do

Tevye and Golde: It may not change a thing but even so, after twenty-five years it's nice to know

In the history of humankind, marrying for love is a fairly recent development. We are no longer as worried as our ancestors about bread and babies.

And here is where we are on solid ground for our intimate relationships of love. The Bible has much to say about covenant love, steadfast love, the love that will not let us go. It is God’s love for us. It is our love for God. And that love is best incarnated in our deepest loves for and with one another.

With Tevye and Golde we know that love is embodied through a hundred and one small loyalties through the day. It is a covenant love developed through a sharing of life in all of its delights and difficulties.

Such covenant love is built on shared biblical values of fidelity, honesty, respect, and plenty of forgiveness. Our relationships of love are built on the promises we make, and the promises we keep.

Yet Tevye’s question about love is so much bigger than the tender and endearing answer given in the story.

Do you love me? Don’t we all want to know if someone loves us?

Jesus asked Peter that question: “Do you love me?” The question came after Peter’s colossal betrayal of Jesus. It came on the heels of his failure to love.

Friends, on our way to securing the rights of marriage for all people, can we keep the conversation going about how hard it is to love, no matter if we are gay or straight?

Can we be honest enough to confess our failures in loving? Can we confess our times of befuddlement in knowing how to love?

What do we do when the work of love requires the work of distance rather than closeness?

Can the church expand the conversation about love to include people who are not in a coupled relationship?

How is love experienced for people who are single? Or people who are in the transgender community?

How about all those who feel like failures because they never had a close relationship with anyone? Or people who feel like failures because their relationships fell apart?

What does love look like for people with a mental illness or people with physical and mental diminishments? What does it look like for people who have a partner who developed a chronic illness, or had a tragic accident?

What does love look like for people of advancing age or people with a life sentence in prison?

What conversations do we want to have with our young people about love with all of its body and soul implications? Young people, what messages are you absorbing from our culture and from us? Do you know that there is no such thing as safe sex? Why? Because sex is a giving of ourselves body and soul, and that is never safe. Can we have that kind of conversation with you about love?

Can the Bible be a source for discernment about these matters? Do we choose to be what biblical scholar Phyllis Trible described as either the “bible-thumpers” or the “bible-bashers”? Do we dismiss the Bible as hopelessly patriarchal and irrelevant to our times? Or is there another option for us?

I leave you with my testimony.

My entire ministry has been smack in the middle of communities who have mostly given up on the Bible…or communities like the prison who have a bumper crop of people who continue to use the Bible to bash others.

I have tried to live by the guiding light of II Timothy 2:23: “Avoid stupid and senseless controversies.” But it is not easy to pull off.

Next week I will end my one year, self-imposed moratorium on preaching at the prison. Why did I take a year off? Weariness. I had been preaching for over a decade in that environment where every sermon stirred up some kind of controversy. It was mostly from prisoners who were dismayed about my biblical interpretation or angry because I did not use the 1611 King James version of the Bible. And of course my gender has always been a stumbling block for some of the prisoners.

Generally speaking these negative reactions have never stopped me. After all, didn’t Jesus meet resistance to his preaching? “Those who have ears to hear, let them hear.” And by the grace of God, some have heard a new word.

Nevertheless, I got tired…weary with being the center of controversy…weary from the relentless attacks…weary with trying to find a common language and keep the dialogue going…weary with the deep-seated assumptions about the inferiority of women, even among men who have every reason to be humbled by their behavior that landed them in a maximum-security prison.

Endless opposition takes its toll on us body and soul. Perhaps we don’t honor enough the seasons of weariness that can overcome any of us in the living out of our faith. And this season in our public life in this country…whew! It can sink us into some weariness, can’t it?

But the Bible tells the story of people working out their lives of faith in dangerous times, in weary-making times, just like us. The Bible bears witness to those who experienced God in a way that brought an inner freedom that was transforming and unshakable, even with enemies all around them.

When I first started preaching over 30 years ago, I had not heard even one ordained Baptist woman preacher. As Ken knows, I panicked before every sermon. It was not fear of public speaking. It was the public speaking that dared to offer a word about God and God’s word among us.

In my head and heart, I knew it was good and right. I was not hindered by theology or biblical verses. I was hindered by cultural conditioning. I was hindered by ingrained tradition. I was hindered by what felt like ancient, historical gravity that pulled at women like me to stay seated, silent and smiling.

Thankfully I had the encouragement of Ken and a community of faithful and loving people who championed me to keep on.

I discovered that beyond the fear was the deep-in-my-bones Story—the story of God’s love—the story that won’t let go of me…even through those times when I have let go of it.

That story is most powerfully illumined for me in the biblical story of Jesus…the Human One…the one who preached without the authority of the establishment, the one who knew rejection even from his hometown folk.

Jesus, healer of the shattered and the shunned, forgiver of the shamed, revealer of truths, lover of enemies, resister of inhumanity, embodiment of hope.

Jesus, who was struck down by the powers of fear,

and resurrected by the Power of love.

That story. It is still life for me.

Is it so for you too?

# #  #

©ken sehested @ prayerandpolitiks.org

Safe church policies

Pastoral advice on getting started

by Ken Sehested

      I’m embarrassed to admit muffling a groan when I first heard “safe church policy” mentioned in conversation among our members. Three thoughts came rushing up in complaint.

      First, I remembered the news, from years ago, of a daycare center announcing it was instituting a “no-touching” policy guiding staff behavior with children. No hugs. No encouraging hand-on-the-shoulder. No child-on-lap comforting of distress. I thought then, and still think: that’s nuts.

      Also, I had recently spent many hours wrangling with two different insurance companies, trying to get a very basic liability policy, a new requirement by the church whose space we rent. None of the agents with whom I spoke could conceive that we didn’t want a dozen or more types of coverage. ‘Danger” marketing (“Risk management”) is a growth industry.

      Finally—and I still believe this, too—ours is a culture with inordinate security demands. It seeps in to our pores in ways we often fail to recognize. It should be no surprise that we have a “free-range kids” movement (“Giving Our Children the Freedom We Had Without Going Nuts with Worry”) in a country whose military budget is larger than all other nations combined.

      However, it didn’t take long for my resistance to mellow. The quantifiable evidence is astounding: In our country, 1 out of 4 girls, and 1 out of 6 boys, experience some form of sexual abuse before their eighteenth birthday. The vast majority of abusers are not predatory strangers but known and trusted adults. As most prison chaplains know, childhood sexual abuse is a gift that keeps on giving.

      Repentance on our part will require more than sincere motives. It will take specific provisions—red lights, as well as yellows and greens—to which we hold ourselves accountable, even when it’s inconvenient.

     Here are a few things we learned on our way to implementing our own safe-church policy:

     1. Don’t reinvent the wheel. Churches have been doing this for a good many years, so you can profit from others’ experience. It won’t be hard to find sample policy statements.

     2. Prudent practices are dependent on scale. We started by simplifying the policy of a church ten times our size. Don’t create a John Deer tractor to plow a backyard garden.

     3. Some lessons need to soak in. Take your time. From initial inquiry to approved policy took us nearly two years.

     4. A policy is only as good as its implementation. If it costs you nothing, it will accomplish as much.

     5. Risk embarrassment. Put sex on the table for discussion. Part of our commitment included a series of “healthy sexuality” conversations with our children, using the Our Whole Lives curriculum. Our parents and church council members went through the “Darkness to Light” training video. This training will be repeated in the future.

     6. There is no fool-proof policy. But the collective outcome of these efforts will create a culture of awareness throughout the congregation. This result is more important that the written policy.

P.S. The above focuses on protecting children from abuse. Needless to say, an adequate policy also includes provisions and procedures to safeguard adults.

#  #  #

©ken sehested @ prayerandpolitiks.org. Ken Sehested is co-pastor, Circle of Mercy Congregation, Asheville, N.C. Published in the February 2010 edition of Connections, newsletter of the Alliance of Baptists.