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Jesus and the Politics of Roman Palestine

by Richard Horsley (2014), review by Vern Ratzlaff

Horsley outlines the force of culture and the historical context of Jesus’ time that puts new perspective on the Roman occupation. The major conflict was not between Judaism and Hellenism, but between the Romans and their client Herodian and high priestly rulers on the one hand, and the vast majority of people living in villages on the other. “Jesus was catalyzing a movement based on the village communities that constituted the fundamental social form of Galilean and Judean society” (p x).

Horsley summarizes the popular movements in Judea, Galilee and Samaria that came into open conflict with the Romans and the temple authorities, the “messianic movements and popular prophetic movements” (p 39). He also points out the difference between what subordinates and superiors say and act, the difference between public transcripts and hidden transcripts (p 40). Peasant compliance was “a mark of acquiescence, not of support, and considerable discontent with Herod’s temple and the high priests had been building up precisely as the people acquiesced in Temple ceremonies and requirements under Herodian rule” (p 41).

In the context, Jesus’ words are not just “teachings” but speech acts (“performative speech”) that make something happen. Jesus’ call for renewal of Israel under the direct rule of G-d, in the tradition of the prophets, marked a politics of resistance and renewal, .ie., the religious political festival of Passover was the occasion and context for speaking truth to power (p 52).

Horsley outlines Jesus’ role in healing, in restoring sufferers to their supportive families and village communities; he cogently distinguishes between “disease” and “illness” (p 84), and emphasizes illness (response to disease) as related to political perspectives. His outline of the nature of Jesus’ disagreement with scribes and Pharisees, and the impact of the crucifixion  is powerfully developed. “Jesus’ execution was transformed into a symbol of renewal of the people in what was now a public opposition to the imperial order” (p 167).

Vern Ratzlaff is a pastor and professor of historical theology at Lutheran Theological Seminary in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.

 

Exiles: Living in a Post-Christian Culture

Michael Frost (2006), reviewed by Vern Ratzlaff

In the western world, by the middle ages, church and state had become pillars of the social culture, supporting each other. Where at one time followers of Jesus had met secretly, now they were given some of the greatest temples and meeting spaces of the empire. Christianity moved from being a dynamic, revolutionary, social and spiritual movement to being a static religious institution with its attendance structure, priesthood and sacraments. It became Christendom.

But it has been in decline, where the institutions and values no longer have a major role. The church is experiencing a “sharp and dramatic deterioration in its influence and impact on western society” (p 5), as “the institutions that have been developed to express Christian convictions decline in influence’ (p 6). Some see the church as dying; others express hope not in the reconstitution of Christendom but that the end of this epoch “actually spells the beginning of a new flowering of Christianity.

The death of Christendom removes the final props that have supported the culturally respectable, mainstream version of Christianity” (p 7).  The passing of Christendom might be compared to the fall of Jerusalem to the Babylonians, best described as exile, where we can no longer rely on temporal, cultural supports to reinforce our message, moved by the confronting message of Jesus.

Frost refers to Brueggemann’s analysis (in Cadences of Home) that calls for exiles to reaffirm their dangerous mission, practice dangerous promises, offer a dangerous critique of society, sing dangerous songs. The book is a powerful call to follow Jesus. The work of exiles is the rediscovery of the genius of the teaching of Jesus and the practice of the earliest Christians (p 26).

Vern Ratzlaff is a pastor and professor of historical theology at Lutheran Theological Seminary in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.

News, views, notes, and quotes

Signs of the Times  •  17 December 2015  •  No. 50 (WOO-hoo!)

Processional.Ode to Joy” flashmob performance (orchestra and choir), Sabadell, Spain.

A full moon will rise on Christmas for the first time since 1977, only the ninth in US history. The next coincidence won’t occur until 2034.

Right: Full moon over the Bridger Mountains near Bozeman, Montana. Photo by Bruce T. Gourley.

Invocation. “Sisters and Brothers, bend an ear to the singing of angels. Not that of seasonal carolers who pause at lace-curtained windows: offering familiar and favorite tunes in delicious harmony and frosted breath, providing splendid distraction from the agonized arias of the innocent. But for angels who, in the midst of Caesar’s endless census, erupt from darkest eclipse with unnerving news.” —continue reading Ken Sehested’s poem, “The Singing of Angels

Call to worship.Canticle of the Turning” performed by Emmaus Way.

In case you haven't already figured this out, you can listen to the music links and read at the same time. Simply open two side-by-side copies of this page, with music playing on one, reading on the other, switching back and forth as you wish.

Yikes! According to the recent “Templeton Giving Survey,” American citizens expect to spend 37 hours shopping for holiday gifts. That’s compared to 15 hours they’ll spend helping charities over the entire year.

Good news. “Vernon Hills High School [in Chicago] is objecting to Islamophobia and racism with an initiative called “Walk a Mile in Her Hijab.” Over a dozen non-Muslim girls agreed to wear a traditional Islamic head scarf to better understand the Muslim faith and life as a Muslim woman.”The Siasat Daily (Thanks, Michael.)

Note to a friend, Rabbi Douglas.  “You’ll be interested in this. Most late afternoons I sit with Mom during her early dinner at the nearby assisted living facility where she resides. On Monday a combined Brownie-Girl Scout group came caroling. Two of the pieces they sang were Chanukah songs, one I hadn’t heard, about the miraculous oil lamp, the other a dreidel song.” —continued reading Ken Sehested's email exchange with Douglas

¶ “Mary is everywhere: Marigolds are named for her. Hail Mary passes save football games. The image in Mexico of Our Lady of Guadalupe is one of the most reproduced female likenesses ever. Mary draws millions each year to shrines. . . . She inspired the creation of many great works of art and architecture (Michelangelo’s “Pietà,” Notre Dame Cathedral), as well as poetry, liturgy, and music (Monteverdi’s "Vespers for the Blessed Virgin"). And she is the spiritual confidante of billions of people, no matter how isolated or forgotten.” —"How the Virgin Mary Became the Most Powerful Woman in the World,” Maureen Orth, National Geographic

Words of confession. “And so this is Xmas (war is over) / For weak and for strong (if you want it) / For rich and the poor ones (war is over) / The world is so wrong (if you want it) / And so happy Xmas (war is over) / For black and for white (if you want it) / For yellow and red ones (war is over) / Let's stop all the fight (now).” —John Lennon, “Happy Xmas (War Is Over)

Words of assurance. “And finally, brethren, after while, the war will be over.“ —“Study War,” by Moby

¶ “It's odd how those who dismiss the peace movement as utopian don't hesitate to proffer the most absurdly dreamy reasons for going to war: To stamp out terrorism, install democracy, eliminate fascism, and most delusionally to ‘rid the world of evil-doers.’” —Arundhati Roy in “40 Days With Peacemakers: A daily reflection offered by William Penn House"

Intercession. A soulful rendition of “Ave Maria,” by Aaron Neville.

More evidence (if more is needed) that cartoonists are at least as important as theologians in pointing out popular theological confusion: Says Jeffy, one of the kids in the cartoon’s “Family Circus” household, to his Mom as he prepares to say his bedtime prayers: “Can God give Santa Claus a message? I just remembered something I wanted.”

Can’t make this sh*t up. Bargain basement “14-piece Caucasian Nativity Scene” available at Sam’s Club, discounted from $119.86 to $79.71.”

For those who get the blues amid the cheery holiday hoopla, Duke Ellington’s “Melancholia” is especially for you.

Religion in a kinder public spotlight. In reporting from the recent UN Climate Change conference (COP21) in Paris, one NPR report noted, parenthetically, that among the strongest advocates in Paris were leaders from faith communities, specifically mentioning those inspired by Pope Francis’ encyclical on the environment, Laudato Si: On Care for Our Common Home, a statement by Tibetan Buddhist leader Dahli Lama, and the Islamic Declaration on Global Climate Change.

What does “COP21” stand for? "Conference of Parties, 21st meeting." This event drew 150 heads of state, the largest such gathering in history. A total of 195 nations sent representatives. You can download a free copy of the UN Conference on Climate Change’s agreement.

What’s the significance of the “Paris Agreement” on climate change? There are several ways to assess it. First, compared to what was in place before (the collapsed Copenhagen initiative of 2009, and the 1997 Kyoto protocol, which neither the US nor China ratified), this new accord is historic and creates the kind of momentum needed to create real and lasting change. Is it enough? Maybe, maybe not—most climate change activists are not convinced. Will the major CO2 emitter countries actually enforce this new agreement? More maybe, maybe-not.
        In the end, if you require political optimism to sustain attention and commitment, disappointment—and the corresponding lethargy it creates—will more likely than not be the result. Hope (the conviction that a different world is possible) and faith (“the evidence of things not seen”) are still essential.

Old school Christmas classic.A Cradle in Bethlehem,” Nat King Cole.

For an analysis of the recently concluded “Paris Agreement” on climate change, see Tim Donnell and James West, “World Leaders Just Agreed to a Landmark Deal to Fight Global Warming," Mother Jones.

¶ “The most inspiring moment of December 12 was not the adoption of the United Nations Paris agreement but the sight of more than 20,000 people on the streets, building the power of the people, demanding climate justice and an end to dirty energy.” Jagoda Munic, Common Dreams

Animated video map (2:25 minutes) of what the Earth would look like if all the ice melted.

¶ “Historically, the transition from one energy system to another, as from wood to coal or coal to oil, has proven an enormously complicated process, requiring decades to complete. In similar fashion, it will undoubtedly be many years before renewable forms of energy replace fossil fuels as the world’s leading energy providers. Nonetheless, 2015 can be viewed as the year in which the epochal transition from one set of fuels to another took off.” —Michael T. Klare, “A New World Beckons

Market prophecy? “Fossil fuel stocks tumbled while renewable energy soared on Monday, the first day of trading after global leaders cemented their landmark climate pact in Paris.” Lauren McCauley, Common Dreams

¶ “If it’s melted, it’s ruined.” Top 5 important and hopeful things about the Paris talks, from Ben & Jerry’s activism manager (1:39 video—scroll down a bit).

¶ “Every year the problems are getting worse. We are at the limits. If I may use a strong word I would say that we are at the limits of suicide.” Pope Francis, Reuters, commenting to reporters on the climate crisis during a news conference aboard the plane bringing him back to Rome from his Africa visit

For an a cappella, tight-harmonied, country-flavored arrangement of “O Holy Night” by Home Free.

It was big news in 2007 when China became the world’s largest emitter of carbon dioxide, surpassing the US. What isn’t often noted is the fact that China has a population more than four times that of the US. In other words, the average US citizen is responsible for 4.3 times as much pollution as the average Chinese.

Modern incarnation image. One of the strategies for undermining theological hubris is widening our images of God’s purpose, presence and provision. The accent is on expansive images, not simply “inclusive” ones.
        Take this one, for instance, of Lek, an Elephant Nature Park (ENP) keeper, singing a lullaby to Faa Mai, an elephant under her care. Can you picture God tending us in this way?
        By the way, ENP, in Chaing Mai, Thailand, rescues elephants from tourist and illegal mining operations, allowing them to live out their days in a natural habitat.

Preach it. “We need to build the movement even bigger in the coming years, so that the Paris agreement turns into a floor and not a ceiling for action.” Bill McKibben, New York Times

War’s edge context of “It Came Upon a Midnight Clear.” The Christmas hymn was written by Unitarian minister Edmund Hamilton Sears (1810-1876) in the days leading up to the Civil War. The song’s original third stanza is missing in most hymnals: “But with the woes of sin and strife / The world has suffered long; / Beneath the angel-strain have rolled / Two thousand years of wrong; / And man, at war with man, hears not / The love-song, which they bring: / O hush the noise, ye men of strife, / And hear the angels sing!” —Michael Hawn, “History of Hymns: ‘It Came Upon a Midnight Clear’”

Call to the table.In the Bleak Midwinter” by Pierce Pettis.

Just for fun. “Deck the Halls” inspired fun from the Shawnee Mission East High School Choir (3 minutes).

Lectionary for Sunday next. “Clothe yourselves with royal attire: With compassion, kindness, humility, meekness and patience. Bearing with one another in the midst of disagreement, Forgiving one another in the aftermath of conflict. Having known forgiveness, by the One whose breath fills our lungs, we are granted the power to forgive others.” —continued reading Ken Sehested’s “Only this is sure,” a litany for worship inspired by Colossians 3:12-17

Altar call. “There’s a light, there’s a light in the darkness / And the black of the night cannot harm us / We can trust not to fear for our comfort is near / There’s a light, there’s a light in the darkness.” —“There’s a Light,” performed by Beth Nielsen Chapman, Emmylou Harris, Pat Benatar, Sheryl Crow and Shea Seger

Benediction. Samford University’s a cappella choir singing Jan Sandström’s stunning arrangement of “Lo, How a Rose E’er Blooming.”

Recessional. Go for it. “Hallelujah Chorus” from Handel’s “Messiah,” the Royal Choral Society and Royal Philharmonic Orchestra.

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Featured this week on prayer&politiks:

• “Call to Adventing,a call to worship for Advent by Abigail Hastings

• “Keeping Watch: The angels’ appearance to the shepherds,” an Advent litany inspired by Luke 2

• “The Singing of Angels,” an Advent poem

• “Note to a friend, Rabbi Douglas,” email exchange with Ken Sehested

• “Only this is sure,” a litany for worship inspired by Colossians 3:12-17

A word from Gerald, prayer&politiks’ guardian angel. “Masterful, insightful, powerful, courageous, moving writing,” is what Bill, a religious journalist and editor, wrote about Ken Sehested’s “Undo the folded lie: Notes on the reckless folly of our season.”  And Mandy, a pastor, wrote “Thank you for lending your wise and prophetic words. I needed to hear them, and, am sharing because I know there are others who need to hear them too.”
        These are among the reasons for supporting prayer&politiks, through your contributions of financial support and/or by circulating material from the site to your friends and contacts along with your own endorsement.

©Ken Sehested @ prayerandpolitiks.org. Language not otherwise indicated above is that of the editor. Don’t let the “copyright” notice keep you from circulating material you find here (and elsewhere in this site). Reprint permission is hereby granted in advance for noncommercial purposes.

Your comments are always welcomed. If you have news, views, notes or quotes to add to the list above, please do. If you like what you read, pass this along to your friends. You can reach me directly at klsehested@gmail.com.

Only this is sure

A litany for worship inspired by Colossians 3:12-17

Friends, of all the things we believe or disbelieve, only this is sure:

We are a delight to the One who crowns the earth with sky,

Who shines on the soil by day and shelters the heart by night.

Because of this jubilant news, clothe yourselves with royal attire:

With compassion, kindness, humility, meekness and patience.

Bearing with one another in the midst of disagreement,

Forgiving one another in the aftermath of conflict.

Having known forgiveness, by the One whose breath fills our lungs,

we are granted the power to forgive others.

And by forgiving others, we linger in the Shadow of Mercy.

So let us announce the goodness of God on Mount Mitchell*

And may Town Mountain*  echo our joyous songs of praise!

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*Mount Mitchell, the highest peak east of the Mississippi River, stands northeast of Asheville, NC; Town Mountain runs through Asheville. If you use this litany, adapt these geographic references as appropriate. Inspired by Colossians 3:12-17.
©Ken Sehested @ prayerandpolitiks.org

Note to a friend, Rabbi Douglas

The mixed meaning of religious tolerance

        “You’ll be interested in this. Most late afternoons I sit with Mom during her early dinner at the nearby assisted living facility where she resides. On Monday a combined Brownie-Girl Scout group came caroling. Two of the pieces they sang were Chanukah songs, one I hadn’t heard, about the miraculous oil lamp, the other a popular dreidel song.

        “The fact that such music is employed in caroling, especially here in the South, is a pretty interesting phenomenon. The other interesting thing is that none of the other songs were about the Christmas nativity, but about Frosty, Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer, white-Christmas-dreaming, etc. Except for the finale, a lovely preadolescent rendition of ‘Silent Night.’

        “I think it’s a good thing, at least in the short run, that Chanukah has filtered down into civil society holiday traditions. Maybe we’re finally emerging from that ugly current in the Protestant Reformation, as when Martin Luther penned The Jews and their lies. Though, even given the uptick in violence against Muslims in this country, FBI statistics reveal that 59% of hate crimes are against Jews.

        “In the long run, though, I’m not sure if this growing civil tolerance is a good thing. Your story runs the risk of being domesticated as much as ours already has been.

        “We watch, and wonder, ever waiting for a sign.” —Ken

Douglas responses. “Events are not without complications. Jews are freer than we have ever been and accepted in places where Jews were not welcome when I was growing up. We are in an era of an African American President and the rise of Trump.

            “We are in an era of hyper-capitalism that is appalling.  We lost Chanukah and Christmas a long time ago. The majestic defiance of human beings who, when it is really dark, light lights, has become about gifts. So very sad to me.”

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©Ken Sehested @ prayerandpolitiks.org

Keeping watch

A litany for worship: The angels' appearance to the shepherds, inspired by Luke 2

In that region there were shepherds, keeping watch over their flock by night.

Keeping watch. In darkest night. Far from hearth and home, stumbling on slumbering hill.

Then an angel stood before them, and the glory of the Lord shone around, and they were terrified.

As are we, in the face of torturing headlines and threatening news. As are we, when our own lives detour into tangled terrain.

But the angel said, “Do not be afraid, for I am bringing good news of great joy for all people.

Oh Messenger of Mercy, draw near to our secret fear with joyful, triumphant  news of release from our grief.

Upon a watchtower I stand, O God, continually by day and throughout the night.

Then comes the news: the Empire is imploding, and its gods lie in tatters.

Bring water to the thirsty, meet the fugitive with bread.

In the days to come, the bent bow will relax, and the drawn sword will find its rest. Sing, choirs of angels, sing in exultation!

Inspired by Luke 2:8-15 and Lamentations 21:8-9, 14-15
©Kenneth L. Sehested @ prayerandpolitiks.org
Reprint from “In the Land of the Living: Prayers personal and public

 

Call to Adventuring

A poem for Advent

by Abigail Hastings

We gather here by lambent light
            in from the cool and rain — rain on rain on rain….
            here to collect what light we can, shining in the darkness
                        — brave us —

but this is not the bleak midwinter — it is the barely winter
                        baby winter, just crawling to full height winter

To say the days will grow longer, the nights shorter
            sounds like a great cosmic joke
                        a weatherman without a window

The light of day seems fleeting
            work days start and end by lamplight.

And in this world of pinprick stars
            where most light comes from phones and screens

We are asked to consider the birth of a child
            and the possibility of illumination
                        of a different kind

One that carries us through
            what might actually prove to be (heaven forbid)                      
                        a bleak midwinter

One that might give us something like hope
            for a different day dawning

For what if the child born unto us
            came to remind us that we too are anointed
                        if not with frankincense and myrrh

At least with the gold of wisdom and courage
            so that we can — in spite of the darkness —
                         let our little lights shine.

©Abigail Hastings @ prayerandpolitiks.org

News, views, notes, and quotes

Signs of the Times  •  10 December 2015  •  No. 49

Processional. My favorite Hanukkah song. “Light One Candle” by Peter, Paul and Mary.

Invocation. "Only those with wombs of welcome / to heaven's Annunciation / can magnify God and heal the earth." —read Ken Sehested's Advent poem, "Annunciation: Mary's song of praise."

Hymn of praise.Blagoslovi, dushe moya” (“Praise the Lord”), Sergei Rachmaninov, performed by the USSR Ministry of Culture Chamber Choir .

At right: photo by Nate Zeman, Rocky Mountain National Park

We need to take steps so that in the future people like Donald Trump do not become radicalized. —New Yorker satirist Andy Borowitz

Intercession.O Come, O Come, Emmanuel.” Lovely new arrangement by Sarah McCoy.

Words of Assurance. “Arise, you fear-confounded, attest / With Insurrection’s voice confess / Though death’s confine and terror’s darkest threat / Now govern earth’s refrain . . . and yet / Rejoice! Rejoice! Emmanuel / Shall come to thee, O Israel!” —new lyrics to “O Come, O Come, Emmanuel” by Ken Sehested

When our children were in early grade school, each year before Christmas holiday break I went to their classrooms to read Cajun Night Before Christmas.

Good news. “While hostility to Syrian refugees has dominated the national debate, many local leaders—among them elected officials, community advocates and direct service providers—are sending a different message by calling for compassion instead of fear. Here are seven efforts underway across the South to support Syrian refugees and fight Islamophobia.” Allie Yee, Institute for Southern Studies

Holy obedience. “The Chairman of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops’ committee on migration chided the governors for ‘using this tragedy to scapegoat all refugees,’ in a statement on Nov. 17. ‘They are extremely vulnerable families, women, and children who are fleeing for their lives. We cannot and should not blame them for the actions of a terrorist organization,’ Bishop Eusebio Elizondo said. Bishops from Chicago, New York, Missouri, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and New Mexico were also among those who penned opinion pieces for local papers or open letters calling for compassion over overreaction.” Leslie Caimi, Washington Post

¶ “It is incumbent on every public figure, elected politician, and media outlet to stand up against the ‘dangerous tide of hatred, violence, and suspicion’ taking hold in the United States, over 700 prominent organizations and people declared in a full-page ad in Thursday's New York Times. ‘We grieve the many lives that have been lost or painfully transformed in recent weeks through extreme acts of violence. And we are appalled by the surge of divisive rhetoric that sows the seeds of more violence to come.’” Sarah Lazare, Common Dreams

¶ “Put the glove of religion on the hand of either a revolutionary or a statesman, and religion will be pulled into the dynamics of cohesion, control, acquisition and maintenance of power, and the marking of boundaries—and will more likely than not turn violent. In other words, align moral self-understanding of society, state and religion, and even most peaceful religion will become ready to ‘take up the gun.’” —Miroslav  Volf, “In light of the Paris attacks, is it time to eradicate religion?

In 2010, during her Supreme Court nomination hearings in the Senate, Elena Kagan, then the federal Solicitor General, is asked by Senator Lindsay Graham to state the rationale for indefinite detention of “enemy combatants” at the US base prison in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Afterwards, Graham says “That’s a good summary. The problem with this war is that there will never be a definable end to hostilities, will there?”
        Kagan responds. “That is exactly the problem, Senator.” —quoted in Shadow Proof

¶  “In May, 2013, the Senate Armed Services Committee held a hearing on whether it should revise the 2001 Authorization to Use Military Force (AUMF). A committee member asked a senior Pentagon official, Assistant Secretary Michael Sheehan, how long the war on terror would last; his reply: ‘At least 10 to 20 years.’ At least. A Pentagon spokesperson confirmed afterward ‘that Sheehan meant the conflict is likely to last 10 to 20 more years from today — atop the 12 years that the conflict has already lasted.’ As Spencer Ackerman put it: ‘Welcome to America’s Thirty Years War,’ one which—by the Obama administration’s own reasoning—has ‘no geographic limit.’” Tlen Greenwald, The Intercept

¶ "I think we're looking at kind of a 30-year war.” —Leon Paneta, former the Obama administration Director of the Central Intelligence Agency and then Secretary of Defense

"With joy you will draw water from the wells of salvation."
— Isaiah 12:3. Photo above: WaterAid/Caroline Irby.

¶ “In great empires the people who live in the capital, and in the provinces remote from the scene of action, feel, many of them, scarce any inconveniency from the war; but enjoy, at their ease, the amusement of reading in the newspapers the exploits of their own fleets and armies. To them this amusement compensates the small difference between the taxes which they pay on account of the war, and those which they had been accustomed to pay in time of peace. They are commonly dissatisfied with the return of peace, which puts an end to their amusement, and to a thousand visionary hopes of conquest and national glory from a longer continuance of the war.” —Adam Smith, considered the “father” of modern economics, in The Wealth of Nations, published in 1776

¶ “10 Things I Wish Everyone Knew About Chanukkah,” by Rabbi Evan Moffic.

The Chanukkah Candelabra is known as a Chanukkiah, not a Menorah. The Menorah is the seven-wicked candelabra that stood in the Jerusalem Temple. It became a symbol of Judaism and is carved into one of the gates of Rome as a symbol of the Roman conquest of Judea in 70 C.E.

Not your grandfather’s Hanukkah music. —“Dreidel,” by Erran Baron Cohen, performed by Jules Brookes and Y-Love

At right: Pomegranate Tree Chanukiah by Yair Emanuel

Is it spelled “Hanukkah” or “Chanukah”? These and more interested facts about the Jewish holiday commemorating the Maccabean victory over the Greek army in 2nd century BCE, with the temple Menorah’s miraculous store of lamp oil. Chabad.org

Here’s one way to visualize God as (in Francis Thompson’s verse) “the hound of heaven,” ever pursuing us, however fast we seek to flee from that Union of the soul which frightens yet, in fact, is so joyously ecstatic.

Listen to Richard Burton’s rendition of Francis Thompson’s famous poem, “The Hound of Heaven.”

¶ “More than 1,000 people gathered in the bright sunshine on the steps of Helsinki Cathedral to sing the Finlandia hymn [“This Is My Song, O God of All the Nations,” lyrics by Lloyd Stone and, later, Georgia Harkness], one of the most popular compositions of composer Jean Sibelius, whose 150th anniversary has been celebrated nationwide. The Dec. 8 anniversary of the national composer's birth in 1865 has been marked with concerts and a 24-hour broadcast of Finnish music, mostly by Sibelius, including all seven symphonies.” Here is a video of the crowd singing.

Read Ken Sehested’s new lyrics to “This Is My Song.”

We cannot long survive as a democracy with these uncommonwealth indicators:
        •”The divide between the "haves" and the "have-nots" in the United States has never been so vast, with a new report out Tuesday revealing that the nation's 20 richest individuals own more wealth than the entire bottom half of the population. “
        • Half of the $176 million donated to presidential candidates thus far has been given by 158 families, along with companies they own or control. (The article’s graphic is, well, just that.) —Nicholas Confessore, Sarah Cohen and Karen Yourish, New York Times

State of our disunion. “It was left to Bo Dietl, a former New York City cop, to cross the line from the simply stupid to the downright chilling, as he called for mass surveillance of mosques. ‘Let’s stop worrying about people’s rights,’ he said.” Leonard Pitts

¶ “We love having all 16 Republicans candidates throwing crap at each other—it's great. The more they spend, the better it is for us." —Les Moonves, CBS Corporation chief executive, during a recent investor presentation

Can’t make this sh*t up. “Gun company stocks surged after the latest massacre, and gun manufacturers admit behind closed doors that Sandy Hook and other atrocities have proved good for business—after, of course, adding their obligatory statements on the small bloody bodies at Newtown that "obviously we are all shocked” but hey they're obliged to “respond to market pressures.”
        A spokesperson for The Shopping Channel’s new 24/7 “Gun TV,” whose parent company is called the “Social Responsibility Network,” says “We saw an opportunity in filling a need, not creating one.” —excerpted from Abby Zimet, Common Dreams

For the first time since 1920, the New York Times has placed its editorial on page 1: “It is a moral outrage and national disgrace that civilians can legally purchase weapons designed to kill people with brutal speed and efficiency.” New York Times editorial, 4 December 2015

Last week Republican senators had the opportunity to approve one common sense measure—to restrict gun sales to those on the FBI’s terror watch list. With the exception of Mark Kirk of Illinois, they all voted against it. Senator Coryn of Texas expressed concern over violation of constitutional rights. —see more at Mark Silk, Religion News Service

¶ “The front cover of the New York Daily News for Thursday takes a strong stance against how some politicians are reacting to the San Bernardino shooting with calls for prayer instead of tighter gun control laws.” Jessica Durando, USA Today

Just for fun. Andy Griffith’s famous 1953 stand-up monologue, “What It Was, Was Football(5:39 minutes).

Preach it. “Advent’s waiting is not listless. With training, death’s threat need not unnerve us. Fear not, though folded lies await.” —read Ken Sehested’s “Undo the Folded Lie: Notes on the reckless folly of our season

Altar call. Would You Harbor Me?” Sweet Honey in the Rock.

Call to the table.Canticle of the Turning” performed by Emmaus Way.

Benediction. “There's a light, there's a light in the darkness / And the black of the night cannot harm us / We can trust not to fear for our comfort is near / There's a light, there's a light in the darkness.” —“There’s a Light,” performed by Beth Nielsen Chapman, Emmylou Harris, Pat Benatar, Sheryl Crow and Shea Seger

Recessional. Simple Praise” by Joanie Madden.

A word from Gerald, prayer&politiks’ guardian angel. There’s still time to contribute to the prayer&politiks fund-to-preserve-the-future. For a $52 or more contribution, we’ll send you a free copy of In the Land of the Living: Prayers personal and public. Besides early-retirement social security checks, reader contributions are our sole source of income. You can also support this work by circulating our web link to your friends and colleagues with your personal word of endorsement.

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Featured this week on prayer&politiks:

•“Annunciation: Mary's song of praise,” a poem inspired Mary’s Magnificat

•“The Manger’s Revolt,” a sermon based on Mary’s Magnificat (Luke 1:46-55)

•“'Undo the folded lie': Notes on the reckless folly of our season

•“This Is My Song (O God of all the nations),” new lyrics to an old hymn

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The Manger’s Revolt

Mary's Magnificat

by Ken Sehested,
Text: Luke 1:46-55

        One of the great political debates of our generation is which phrase is more appropriate this time of year: “Happy Holidays” or “Merry Christmas”? This is but the latest front in the culture wars fought over whether we should “keep Christ in Christmas.”

        Like with every cultural conflict, there are multiple levels that we need to sort out, putting up resistance in some places, offering affirmation in others. Let’s look a just a few bits of complicated history regarding the celebration of Christmas.

        Most of you know that the date of Jesus’ birth was never considered important by the early Christian community. As late as the 3rd century Christian leaders were publicly denouncing the practice of cutting evergreen trees, or boughs from such trees, into the home and decorating them.

        Part of that objection goes all the way back to the prophet Jeremiah, writing in the 6th century BCE. “Thus said the Lord, learn not the way of the heathen. . . .For the customs of the people are vain: for one cutteth a tree out of the forest…” and they “decorate it with silver and gold” (10:2-4).

        Truth is, though, that a popular custom in the Roman Empire before and after the birth of Jesus was a week-long feast of Saturnalia, celebrating the pagan god, Bacchus. The festival was like a New Orleans Mardi Gras on steroids. The Roman Senate actually approved legislation relaxing most criminal prosecution during that week, which was marked by drunken orgies and parties of naked revelers roaming the streets and singing. (This, by the way, is probably the beginning of what we think of as Christmas caroling.)

        One of the more vile elements in that tradition was the practice of scapegoating. A victim was selected—some sort of marginalized outsider or illegal immigrant—who would be forced to gorge himself with food and drink and then be pummeled by assembled crowds and eventually executed. As late as the 15th century in Europe, Jews were often selected as the scapegoats. In one account, all the city’s rabbis were force-fed, then made to run naked through the streets.

        By the 4th century, the Christian church was officially recognized by Rome as the religion of state, and the church, wishing to pull more members into its rank, assigned Jesus’s birth as December 25, in the middle of the traditional Saturnalia festival, and promised new converts they could continue the old ways just so long as they paid homage to Christ.

        One of the great ironies for us, especially those of us here in the U.S., is that our religious descendants—the Puritans and the Baptists, religious dissenters from Great Britain’s Anglican state church—were publicly opposed to any celebration of Christmas. The Puritan leaders of the Massachusetts Bay Colony actually invoked a legal ban on Christmas observance in the late 17th century. Partly because the observance reminded them of Anglican customs; but also because the holiday still included a healthy tradition of eating and drinking to excess, and drunken “wassailing,” which occasionally turned violent.

        Records of the General Court of the Colony, May 11, 1659, read in part: “For preventing disorders, arising in several places within this jurisdiction by reason of some still observing such festivals as were superstitiously kept in other communities, to the great dishonor of God and offense of others: it is therefore ordered by this court and the authority thereof that whosoever shall be found observing any such as Christmas or the like, either by forbearing of labor, feasting, or any other way, upon any such account as aforesaid, shall pay for every such offense five shilling as a fine to the county.”

        One of the more significant things we do each year as a congregation is our observance of the feast of St. Nicholas Day, when we honor that 4th century saint of the church, by anonymously delivering baskets of food to those living in poverty. St. Nicholas is one of many cultural traditions from around the world that melded over the centuries to form the popular tales of Santa Claus. It was the Dutch legend of Sinterklaas that most immediately predates the modern Santa Claus. In his satirical “History of New York,” published in 1809, the author Washington Irving stripped the mythical figure of his bishop’s robe and put him in fur-lined clothing, looking more like a fat Dutch merchant. Within a few years, flying reindeer pulling a sled were part of the picture.

        Then in 1863, illustrator Thomas Nast painted the famous cover of Harper’s Magazine Weekly with the “jolly old elf” now renamed “Santa Claus.” In that illustration, Santa Claus is giving presents to Union soldiers and to children. But in one hand is dangling a stringed puppet with the unmistakable likeness of Confederate President Jefferson Davis. It’s clear that one of the strings is around Davis’ neck. So, Santa Claus’s official debut is providing comfort to impoverished children and to embattled soldiers during a bloody war. AND it functioned as a piece of war propaganda.

        Early in the 20th century the more recognizable depictions of Santa Claus were drawn as part of marketing promotions by beverage companies, the most famous one being the one Coca-Cola produced beginning in 1931.

        One more little tidbit of history regarding Santa Claus. Two days ago, December 19, was the anniversary of the “Boston Tea Party,” the famous act of resistance against English imperial rule, when a band of colonists boarded British vessels in Boston harbor and dumped overboard crates of tea in protest to taxation laws. The name of organization which planned that act of civil disobedience was the “Sons of St. Nicholas.”

        I’ve already mentioned the early church’s opposition to the practice of decorating homes with evergreen trees. And similar abolition attempts by our dissenting congregational and baptist forebears in colonial America. In fact, it wasn’t until the mid-19th century that Christmas trees became a common custom around the holiday. The small tree industry got a huge boost when U.S. President Franklin Pierce arranged to have the first such tree in the White House in 1850. The first documentary evidence of a Christmas tree showing up in a church sanctuary was about the same time, when Rev. Henry Schwan of Cleveland, Ohio, installed one in his Zion Evangelical Lutheran sanctuary. He also got run off, with at least one member threatening him with bodily harm.

        Public acknowledgment of Christmas continues to stir controversy. Court cases around the country have declared for, or against, the display of Christmas trees or nativity scenes in public buildings. And letters to the editor in our newspaper continues arguing the relative merits of shopping mall merchandizing phrases should say “Merry Christmas” or “Happy Holidays.”

        The thing that should worry us the most was the sentiment expressed by a 1984 decision of the U.S. Supreme Court ruling [Lynch v. Donnelly] in favor of the Pawtucket, Rhode Island city government’s practice of erecting a city-sponsored Christmas display. Chief Justice Warren Burger wrote that such a practice had become a “passive symbol” which “engenders a friendly community spirit” and “serves the commercial interests” of the merchants.

        To this day that judicial decision stands as the most prominent legal assessment of the meaning of Christmas. Without intending to, Chief Justice Burger delivered in those words a prophecy as clear and as excruciating as any in Scripture. The birth of the Messiah, which so terrorized Herod, has in our day become a passive symbol, one that serves our culture's commercial interests.

        This gets at one of the worst cultural assumptions about the celebration of Jesus’ birth. The song of Mary—which we read earlier, and which Jessica interpreted in dance—is among the most subversive political texts ever uttered. There was a time, during the 1980s in Argentina’s “dirty little war” against political dissidents, that it was literally illegal to publish Mary’s song of praise.

        Mary was neither gentle nor meek. The context of Jesus’ birth was the Roman census which required Palestinian citizens to return to ancestral cities for registration. That’s why pregnant Mary and the shame-faced Joseph were on the road from Nazareth to Bethlehem. The census was a bitter reminder of Rome’s brutal system of taxation, a system which the Jewish Temple’s authorities collaborated in and profited from.

        The original nativity scene unfolded in a barnyard stall, the only emergency shelter available. Hygiene was not a factor. Jesus’ “swaddling clothes” were rags, and his “manger” (what a lovely word!) was an animal feeding trough filled with the remnants of grain mixed with cow slobber. Having been warned by visiting royal dignitaries from “the East” that a messiah was to give birth, King Herod ordered a slaughter of all male infants in the area; and the Magi themselves had to be smuggled out of town on back roads.

        It is hard, very hard, for me to imagine a “sweet baby Jesus, no crying he makes.” What I see is blood-soaking straw where Mary lay, probably wanting to die if not actually near death, and Joseph nearly beside himself both with paternal concern, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, wondering how in the world he was going to explain this illegitimate child to the family back home. And then because of the threat from Herod’s death squads, loading Mary and baby Jesus back on the donkey for a midnight escape through the desert to Egypt.

        This is the political debate in which we, who name ourselves as followers of Jesus, should be engaged. The manger’s revolt is not whether nativity scenes belong on courthouse lawns, or whether binge shopping should be of the “Christmas” kind or merely the “holiday” version. The revolt is against established economic agreements and traditional political arrangements. It was to shepherds, the lowest, grimiest labors, to whom the angels appears with the announcement of great tidings. And that annunciation of heavenly news will continue to trouble the Herods of our age. If we are to overhear this song of Mary, this singing of the angels, this announcement from highest heaven confronting the disorder of the world as we know it, we will need to be present on those midnight hillsides with grimy laborers, with teenage peasant girls, with any and all who have been systematically shut out of the empire’s arrangements of value and worth.

        Let me close with a poem inspired by Mary’s song—a song of praise but also a hymn of revolt.

If you know this traditional prayer, say it with me:

        Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee; blessed art thou among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus.

        Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners, now and at the hour of our death. Amen.

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Circle of Mercy • Asheville, NC • 21 December 2008
©Ken Sehested @ prayerandpolitiks.org

This Is My Song (O God of all the nations)

Old hymn, new lyrics

by Ken Sehested

O Truth Untamed, all boundaries bow before You
All borders bend according to your Word
O grant that every bitter heart be harbored
In sheltered cove, with Mercy’s flag unfurled
Hearken and haste, Desire of every nation
Refresh the heart of hope too long deferred.

Let every mountain call to meadowed valley
And every stream, to ocean grand and wide
Let fertile ground announce the new creation
When all shall come, ’cross every great divide
O bell of liberty ring out for freedom
Break every slaver’s chain, with hope confide

For all in Christ, there is a new creation
No more shall sorrow’s cold embrace restrain
God’s Rule and Reign unrav’ling pain with pardon
Transforming tears and fears to joy’s refrain
Earth’s host now reconciled to Heaven’s harvest
The land, once tortured, bountiful again

Enlist all hands in reconciling measure
Ambassadors are we in Christ’s domain
Attend your ears to this appeal, O Sisters
O Brothers, heed the reclamation’s claim
A path now opens through the sea of trembling
From slav’ry’s chain, let freedom’s way proclaim

Let peace be waged with courage and devotion
With warrior’s brav’ry, vigilant and bold
Emancipation’s melodies surround us
Each voice in harmony, all tongues enfold
Let Grace untold tame fear’s unnerving sorrow
And sorrow’s verse, to joy’s refrain unfold

Inspired by 2 Corinthians 5:16-21. May be sung to the Finlandia tune.
©Ken Sehested @ prayerandpolitiks.org